Women Leadership

WOMEN AND LEADERSHIP leaders A simple interpretation of loss attractorship is that leading is the art of motivating a collection of multitude to act towards achieving a common address. Put engender down to a greater extent b arly, the attracter is the inspiration and director of the action. He or she is the person in the group that possesses the cabal of in-personity and skills that invites opposites requisite to follow his or her direction. In personal credit line, leading is welded to performance. Effective leaders be those who qualifying magnitude their companies bottom lines.To further torwork forcet the pick out, we die hard to use the terms leadership and precaution interchangeably, referring to a comp whatsoevers charge structure as its leadership, or to individuals who argon actually screwrs as the leaders of various management teams. Is a leader born or make? season at that place be throng who seem to be by nature endowed with much than t han leadership abili attachs than early(a)s, all believe that people tummy learn to bend leaders by concentrating on improving cross leadership skills. 1. A leader plans. 2. A leader has a vision. 3. A leader takes charge . A leader sh atomic number 18s her vision 5. A leader inspires through example. Women Leadership When modern womens liberationists movement emerged it dint feature much raillery of leadership. in that location was virtually no analysis of what feminist leadership precedent entail. Because leadership has been largely a privilege of men, and feminism focused on women. It is guessable that study of leadership dint engage much salience. Feminists wanted to chthonianstand the womens experiences and routes of womens oppression. Psychologists is tallyticular carry neglected study of women. on that pointfore, immature topics emerged sexual harassment, rape, math anxiety, family violence and the policy-making science of reproductive remunerates, to name serious a few. To study leadership is it in organizations or in politics would thrust meant focusing on men. The discoin truth and ripening of women focus topics do a good sense. Much has changed. Women ar like a shot far more than common in ranks of leaders. For example, women occupy 24% of chief executive positions in United soils (U. S Bureau of Labor Statistics- 2006). They constitute 44% of instruct principles (U. S subject fieldCenter for Education Statistics, 2005) and 21% of college and University presidents (Corrigan, 2002). It makes sense that feminists define the study of leadership appropriate now that it addresses the experiences of women as easily as men. Although women remain rargon in the integrated leadership and greatly under presented in politics, womens change magnitude presence in these and other leadership agencys raises many questions slightly their functioning as leaders. When it comes to leadership, does gender matter? Is on that point a diff erence between women leaders and men who lead?Characteristics that commemorate women leaders from men in leadership ? Women leaders argon more assertive and persuasive, squander a unwaveringer need to get matters through with(p) and be more go outing to take jeopardizes than male leaders. ? Women leaders were withal represent to be more empathetic and flexible, as swell as solider in interpersonal skills than their male counterparts enabling them to read situations immaculately and take instruction in from all sides. ? These women leaders are able to bring others about to their point of thought process because they are leading feel more soundless, back up and valued.Four specific statements about womens leadership qualities ? ? ? ? Women leaders are more persuasive than their male counterparts. When feeling the sting of rejection, women leaders learn from asperity and carry on with an Ill provide you attitude. Women leaders demonstrate an inclusive, team-buildin g leadership tendency of problem solving and decision devising. Women leaders are more probably to ignore rules and take risks. This evidence that the leadership style of women is non simply unique just possibly at odds with what men use begs the question Do these qualities take value in the marketplace?Is this sheath of leadership welcomed by society and by the public and private sector? Differences between women and men leadership There are several pick out federal agencys in which people respond differently to women and men who are leaders. Conflicting, sets of expectations, high-profile women leaders in the United States are relent brusquely held to a high standard than their male counterparts. ? Different Responses to Women and Men in Leadership Roles Researchers pass on identified four key bureaus in which female and male leaders elicit different responses from those around them.These different responses appear to be due, non so much to different leadership b ehaviors by women and men, as to the stimulus value of women or men in these roles. A womanhoodhood leader stimulates a different reaction than a male leader because of learned expectations, shaped and verifyinged by the surrounding amicable structure, that scrub and undercut womens attempts to be effective, influential, and powerful. ? Women are expect to combine Leadership with Compassionand are dis equivalentd when they dont Researchers gravel farsighted found that people think ? male? when they think ? leader?.Because of perceive incompatibility between the requirements of femininity and those of leadership, women are lots required to ? give in? their leadership styles to gain the approval of their constituents. Women who do not temper their dominance and competence with warmth and friendliness risk beingness disliked and less(prenominal) influential. Women who lead with an autocratic style are the targets of more disapproval than those who ordinate a more democr atic style men may submit the autocratic style with relative imp accordance, if they are effective leaders. Often requires the operation of a ? harder? eadership style, they are disliked and disparaged. ? People do not find out to or take direction from women as comfortably as from men The stereotype that women are more talkative than men is un avowed by evidence. Women report that they do not feel listened to, that when they speak in meetings their comments and suggestions are ignored or belittledand that the same comments or suggestions from men have more impact. Field studies of small group meetings in organizations show that women leaders are targets of more displays of negative emotion than men leaders, even when twain sets of leaders are viewed as equally competent. Women who promote themselves and their abilities reap disapproval Women who act more confident and assertive than is normative for women run the risk of disapproval. Research demonstrates that when women promo te their own doings it nookie cause their audience to view them as more competentbut at the cost of c all overing them as less likeable. Men who promote their own accomplishments do not reap the same mixed outcomes as spacious as they do not overdo it, self-promotion brings them both higher evaluations of competence and likeability. ? Women require more external validation than men do to be accepted as leaders in some contextsIn competitive, highly-masculinized contexts, simply having leadership prep or taskrelated expertise does not guarantee a womans success unless accompanied by legitimating by another established leader. grammatical gender stereotypes interfere with observers ability to see womens competence it is sometimes demand to for a high-status other to provide them with credibility. Qualities of Women Leader ? Committed. ? Outspoken. ? Enthusing. ? Vivacious. ? Happy. ? Creator. ? Charismatic. ? Lively. ? Talented. ? Friendly. ? Free-Spirited. ? Outgoing. ? Measur ed. ? Reflective. ? Spirited. ? Open and Honest. ? Determined. ? Cheerful. Altruistic. ? Keeping my interests ? Feisty. ? Inspi logical. ? Trustworthy. ? Positive. ? Forth properly. ? Energetic. ? Passion. ? Inspiring. ? Supportive. ? Optimistic. ? Cosmopolitan. ? Impressive. ? Eclectic. ? Fair. ? Hard running(a). ? Confident. ? Assertive. ? Caring. ? Articulate. ? Humorous. to my self. ? Complex. ? Resilient. ? Calm. ? sparkly Women authorization Womens authorisation is the ability to exercise full control over ones actions. The organization of India had ushered in the immature millennium by declaring the year 2001 as Womens potency Year to focus on a vision where women are equal partners like men.The last decades have witnessed some basic changes in the status and role of women in our society. There has been shift in policy approaches from the invention of welfare in the seventies to development in the eighties and now to empowerment in the nineties. The Constitution of Indi a grants equation to women in various fields of life. Yet a large spell of women are either ill equipped or not in a position to propel themselves out of their traditionally unsatis accompanimentory socio-economic conditions. deviation a meager number of urban and sub-urban women, Indian women are cool it crying for social justice.A review of governments various programmes for women empowerment much(prenominal) as Swashakti, Swayamsidha, Streeshakti, Balika samrudhi yojana and another two thousand projects grass that little has been through with(p) or accomplishd through these programmes. The discrepancy in the ideology and practice of the empowerment policy of women in India constitutes its continued social, economic and social backwardness potency would not observe any meaning unless they are make strong, warning chumpal and aware(p) of their equal status in the society. The need of the hour is to make better female literacy as education holds the key to development.E mpowerment would become more relevant if women are educated, better informed and can take rational decisions. The superior challenge is to recognize the obstacles that stand in the way of their right to good wellness. To be useful to the family, community and the society, women must be provided with health care facilities. They should be provided with proper wages and work at par with men so that their status can be elevated in society. In recent years there have been explicit moves to increase womens political booking. The Womens reservation policy bill is however a very sad story as it is repeatedly being scuttled in parliament.In the Panchayati Raj system of rules, however, women have been given representation as a sign of political empowerment. There are many elected women representatives at the village council take. besides their power is restricted, as it the men who wield all the authority. Their decisions are often over-ruled by the government machinery. It is crucial t o train and give real power to these women leaders so that they can catalyst change in their villages regarding women. in all this shows that the process of gender comparison and womens empowerment distillery has a dour way to go and may even have become more difficult in the recent years.The main reason for the contradiction is that, targeted schemes tend to have only limited impact when the basic thrust of development is not r to each oneing an average woman, reservation her life more thin and vulnerable. To make a domineering change basic infrastructure should be provided in every village and city. To begin with, providing safe drinking pissing supply and better sanitation not only directly change the lives and health of women but besides abridges their workload in terms of provisioning and ensuring such(prenominal) facilities. An access to affordable cooking fuel reduces the need to travel long distances in search of fuel wood.Im testd transport connecting villages wi th each other and with towns can in addition directly improve living conditions as well as unpaid labour time spent in transporting fellowship items. It can besides lead to access to a wider range of goods and work plus a better access to health facilities. Expenditure on food subsidy and better provisions for public distribution run directly affects the lives of women and girl children in terms of adequate nutrition. The patterns of resource militarisation by government also have significant effects on women that are usually not recognized.When taxes are regressive and fall disproportionately on items of mass consumption, once again these tend to affect women more. This is not only because the consumption of such items may be curtailed but also because the provisioning of such items is frequently considered to be the responsibility of the women of the household. Also credit policies reduce the flow of credit to small-scale enterprises thus reducing the employment opportunities for women. There is a need to have womenfriendly economic policies that can enhance their social and economic position and make them self-reliant.There is no doubt about the fact that development of women has always been the central focus of planning since Independence. Empowerment is a major step in this direction but it has to be seen in a relational context. A clear vision is unavoidable to remove the obstacles to the path of womens emancipation both from the government and women themselves. Efforts should be enjoin towards all round development of each and every section of Indian women by giving them their due share. Impact women leaders contribute to stemma ? There are three key drivers why businesses are enkindle in women today leadership, talent and markets.There is now data and studies to prove that more women in leadership means better bottom-line performance. Fortune ergocalciferol companies with the to the highest degree women at the top have a 35 share higher retu rn on shareholder return to equity, and a throttle valve study showed boards with more than three women on them have an 83 per centum higher return to shareholder value than boards without women. Its not about women pickings over everything, its about having gender balance because that really does seem to tie into much greater profitability and striking performance financially. ?One of the most compelling reasons for an organization to pay attention to the demographic makeup of its work force is that a diverse employee base can have significant bottom-line impact. Yet, when the issue is body of work gender balance and actualizing womens economic and leadership potential, India trails behind less developing countries. ? Oftentimes when the subject of women in business is discussed, comparisons with men are made as if men are the barometer for business. This is a false scholarship and false too is the wrangle. Business is not an entity separated from life it is an entity encompas sed by life.The definitions of a business consists of a line of work, to work, a profession, a job, a trade, a position, a vocation, a field, a calling and a career. to begin with today, societies around the globe have claimed that women didnt work and therefore couldnt understand the parameters of ? formal? business. This misconception rivals some of the largest platitudes in history the near-sighted earth is flat, the goal-directed stork delivers babies and the perforated theory of evolution. The business arena has presented itself to women as if it spoke a foreign language on an uncharted map.But the truth is that the language is fabricated and the world of business operates in a land not unknown to women. By definition, everything women do and have always done is in fact a business. Women have labored the child, harvested the crop, fed the hungry, nursed the poverty-stricken and educated the willing. All of those are jobs, careers, trades, vocations and callings. Women arent new to business theyre only new to the financial rewards. ? instantly, more than ever, women are in the workplace and now own the workplace. Women have always been established in business but now they are in business for profit by way of monetary means.Today over 10 million businesses are owned or controlled by women and those businesses account for over two (2) billion dollars in sales. Thats an astounding number and a resounding accomplishment when all considerations are factored. This doesnt come as a import of women learning anything new. This is a manifestation of which women already are industrious, innovative, instinctive and intelligent. The traits of women are not to be compared with that of men, just shared in composition of a more productive and progressive society. Every household around the world that houses women, women manage and most commonly manage well.The interactive and intuitive management style of women is a prerequisite to a thriving business and a product ive workplace environment. Women-owned businesses employ almost 20 million people and steadily rising. ? There was a time not long agone when any man in a three-piece suit could toss for a business loan. Those times are no more, as much money was lost and many laws were circumvented. The measures applied in todays market are far more reasonable and more accessible to female entrepreneurs. Commercial lenders and Venture Capitalists want to see that the company has done its research in that respective field.Its significant for them to know that you have experience in this area of expertise. Another major factor will be how you intend to market the product and what the infrastructure of the company is. As you design your company, research successful companies already in that industry, introduce yourselves to other women in business and network to assist each other. Those around you that make claims of what you cant do must be excluded from your conversations, so that you may focus o n the task at hand. Whether you are hotshot, a single mother or married, taking advantage of free enterprise is the way to independence and interdependence. The success in business that any male has go through is not because males possess some superior trait over women its because men have been the only players. Women can compete in any and every business. Its just a matter of choice and now that choice is ours. For one to operate a successful business, they must starting line define what success is in their own terms. ? The sole reason why the numbers of women-owned businesses arent more reflective of the population is because they havent been further to do and supported when doing so.Its been a blight on the world community and a recessive gene to societal growth. Today we see women straightening that crooked path and every society will become a more powerful force because of it. Yesterday, we gorged the bitterness of bigotry. Today, we taste the fruits of unity and diversity. Today, we plant the untainted seeds of effortless innovation and boundless meritocracy. Today, little girls and little boys will witness the ubiquitous talents of women in power and exalt their leadership. little women will know they have a reasonable option before them and no law will disallow their choices.Its paramount that not only young women see their defined roles as unrestrained but that young men do and work in concert as we brave a new world. Its true Today is the great day in the history of the world and tomorrow will be even better. Challenges for women leadership In spite of decades of organization and legislative support for gender equality, it appears that there is still very much a frosting ceiling facing women in many aspects of leadership. Most women gaining or dimension leadership roles whether in the workplace or in community organizations bet many challenges and oppositions which can be very hurtful and demoralizing.Women leaders still face many unique challenges brought on by a combination of social and cultural stereotyping, gender bias, family demands and also their innate female tendencies. Women leaders still earn less in general, receive less credit rating and less support especially in the male dominated, competitive corporate world but also in other professional fields, such as medicine. The most common challenges faced by women leaders are ? The challenge of family responsibility It is a common lament that women are expected to juggle the demands of career and family, with constant criticism from both sides for failure to achieve perfection.For women leaders, the constant struggle to balance their responsibilities in both the professional and personal arena can be overwhelming, especially given the overlook of support and the constant fight they have against the obstacles generated from traditional prejudices and gender stereotyping. In the greatest majority of break ups it is the woman who leaves. She leaves because he r needs werent given comfortable weight in the relationship. However still men around with a 1950s masculinity are happy for their women to work if they can manage it around all their other commitments at home.They expect their working wives to do everything that their stay -at-home mothers do. ? The challenges from personal inclinations For many women, learning to operate and succeed in a male dominated world means having to learn to over ride or ignore their more feminine inclinations. When the women get overwhelmed by the responsibility of looking after everyone and everything, these men offer no support except to tell their wives that they will have to quit their job if they cant cope. ? Woman has a potential and power to be a leader.However women often lack opportunities skills and resources for realizing their potential. Much of womens leadership over the centuries has been invisible because the question of leadership has been viewed through gender biased lenses. Women have been pulling together to make something happen , but all of these have been viewed as ordinary and domestic work, performed in the private sphere that did not qualify for leadership. So the number one challenge is to make womens leadership visible. ? Gender biased lenses see leadership as happening in the ? public sphere ? hich was for generations and still is to an extent the domain of men. Ironically even women have and still reinforce this bias, which is an indication that the way we are interact determines how we think and act. a very big challenge is becoming aware that we need new lenses that will make us see thing differently. How to overcome the challenges faced by women in leadership When we have seen each others work we learned the value of different work and further understood the roles of women in disasters and communities and how to strengthen their leadership.Leadership has no gender does it? May be women are more conscious of themselves, they can lead as well as men . The Leader at home is mostly a woman who have created talented children, built savings, assets and they can built Nation with fibre 1. The philosophy of Panchayati Raj is deeply steeped in the tradition and culture of homespun India and is by no means a new concept. ?The rationale behind the concept is to involve the public in local planning, identification of beneficiaries, decision fashioning and proper implementation of policies and programmes of the people as described by them.Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) have today the basic commitment towards rural development. 2 . Panchayati Raj, as a system of politics, has had its ebbs and flows in the Indian polity ever since Indian attain independence. Various committees headed by Balwant Rai Mehta, Ashok Mehta, V. P. Naik, P. B. Patil, G. V. R. Rao, L. N. Singhvi overhauled these institutions which gave necessary impetus to the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act. Gender equality and gender equity are emerging as major challeng es in the global development debate.Social scientists and development activists are giving increasing emphasis to these fields in their agenda for research and development. 4 As Noble Prizewinning economist Amartya Sen has pointed out, ? Democracy is not only the goal of development, it is the primary means of development. 5. Womens participation in political processes is all-important(a) for strengthening democracy and for their struggle against marginalisation, trivialisation and oppression.Emergence of women as a strong group would change the prevailing political practices, the nature and content of debates in the legislature and womens issues can be taken care of from the feminist perspective both in policy formulation and implementation. .6. In fact, right from the days of the freedom struggle the Indian women have been consistently encouraged to take part in active politics. But due to the belittled political milieu, resulting from increasing politicization and criminalizati on of politics, he level of political participation of women has been adversely affected despite the fact that there has been a marked increase in the level of literacy and political awareness among women. . India is perhaps the first country to recognize this social fact underlined by Lenin on the multinational Working Womens Day in 1921,8 and to have taken concrete measures to draw women into leadership positions and thereby into politics by giving them threesome reservation in what may now be called the third form of governancethe Panchayati Raj.The constitutional amendment providing one-third representation to women in elected bodies as well as reserving one-third of the offices of chairpersons for them will have far-reaching consequences in Indian political and social life. Now, some general observations can be made regarding the role of women in grassroots level governance. It has come to the notice that the office of women at various levels of political activities has in creased formally. The general trend is that those in politics are women belonging to the younger age-group between 25-45.It is also revealed that women take up political career as an extension of their domestic role. While women have been active in mass movements, their presence is not mat up in decisionmaking. The influence of the husbands and close relatives is quite palpable. This tendency is due to lack of confidence. This dependency is a stumping block in their empowerment. ?Another positive impact of the grassroot level experiment is the increase in the female literacy rate. Studies reveal that after two years of their election to PRIs, many women demanded literacy skills and also snarl the need to educate their filles.Issues in which women representatives generally take interest are drinking water supply, primary health, child care, public distribution system and environmental protection. One quality observed among women representatives is their patience to hear the proble ms of the public. They also work in adverse circumstances. It has been observed that women representatives are honest and accurate in presenting issues to the decision-making bodies and authorities. Women would bring new ideas in local governance. They believe in a sustainable development and their emphasis is on natural resources management.Women representatives working at the grassroot level also believe that communal harmony is an important element of development and they strive to achieve this objective. Another promising fact is that they do not indulge in corrupt practices. The elected women have exhibited their leadership in solving some of the local problems and creating facilities for betterment of the rural society. Women are considered an extremely pivotal point in the process of change in the rural areas. Womens participation in panchayats provided opportunities to women to participate in the decision-making process.Womens participation proved to be the most effective le gal document in bringing about a change in their way of life in terms of economic well-being and adoption of new technology. Womens entry into PRIs, both as members as well as heads of Panchayats, has pushed them into the policy-making and policy-implementation process in a very big way. Whether their husbands, fathers, brothers or other relatives compelled them to take up these roles, or whether they assumed these roles as close up incumbents, one thing is certain they crossed the rigid boundaries drawn through their households by the same male relatives. omen are leading in ensuring that families function well and have necessities for development. Women are running the ? Caring Industry,? by managing the well being of the sick, the children and the elderly etc. Women are resolving run afoul and finding solutions for issues in communities, whether it is getting clean water in a village or a streetlight fixed to prevent children and pedestrians from being knocked down by cars. Wom en throughout history have always been making priorities, budgets, and action plans.Women have as managers of families and communities to the management of our nations, our businesses, religious institutions and our world. This is about making the personal public and the private political. It is about tearing down the walls of dualism and discrimination. Negotiating to procure that women are in positions at every level of public governance beginning from kindergarten through parliaments, businesses all the way to the United Nations require strong women-led politically-motivated civil societies to support their leaders and hold them accountable. Advocacy work ust show that both women and men must work together for common good. There has to be a critical mass of women in leadership so that they can be companions with each other and allow themselves to be what they want or be allowed to be themselves and not to prove themselves . The first sign of success is when the women pioneers in leadership have space and voice to be visible on their own terms and to practice their leadership in positions commensurate with their skills . Female leadership including the skills that mothers use to manage sibling fights there will be possibilities for new beginnings. We should have more women in politics. workshops are essential to train potential leaders as well as encourage the ones who are successful at the local governance level to enter the State Assemblies and National Parliament. More women should participate in political system to set an example for the entire world by expeditiously working on issues that are close to their heart?. Top 10 women leaders in India ? Pratibha Patil- Pratibha Devisingh Patil, the current President of India, is the first woman to hold the office.She was also the first woman Governor of Rajasthan (2004-2007). ? Vasundhara Raje Scindia- Vasundhara Raje, the daughter of Rajmata Vijayraje Scindia and Jivaji Rao Scindia of Gwalior, entered the po litics in 1984. Besides being the first women Chief look of Rajasthan, she was the Minister of State for External personal matters. ? Uma Bharti- Uma Bharti held various state-level portfolios in India including Youth Affairs & Sports, homo Resource Development, Tourism and Coal & Mines. ? Sushma Swaraj- Sushma swaraj, a lawyer by profession, was elected as a member of Rajya Sabha in 1990.Later, she became the Minister of info and Broadcasting and president of Hindu Sahitya Sammelan for Four years. ? Sonia Gandhi- Sonia Gandhi, the President of the Indian National Congress Party (NCP), was married to Rajeev Gandhi in 1969. Now a leave of former Prime Minister of India, Sonia was named the sixth most powerful woman in the world by Forbes magazine. ? Mehmooba Mufti- Mehmooba Mufti, the president of the Jammu and Kashmir people Democratic Party, is the daughter of the former Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir Mufti Mohmmad Sayeed. Brinda Karat- Brinda Karat was the first women me mber of the communistic Party of India. ? Mamta Banerjee- Mamata Banerjee is the founder and chief executive of the All India Trinamool Congress Party. Later, she was also made the Youth Affairs and Sport, Union Minister of State for Human Resources Development and Women and Child Development. ? Sheila Dixit- Sheila Dixit, belonging to the Indian National Congress, is the Chief Minister of Delhi since 1998. ? Mayawati Kumari- Mayawati Naina Kumari, the current Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, is the highest income tax payer among all politicians in India.Besides these top 10 women leaders in India, Late Indira Gandhi has also been an epitome of leadership in India. References Women and Leadership Jean Lau Chin, Bernice Lott, Joy K. sift http//www. emergingwomenleaders. org/ http//books. google. co. in/books? id=ZyhRWzTm_RwC&pg=PR4&lpg=PP1&ots=IPACfy zBWQ&dq=women+leadershipv=onepage&q&f=false http//www. emergingwomenleaders. org/2009/11/women-leadership-and-personalityinsights-fo rm-the-myers-briggs-type-indicator/ aggroup Members V. Ashwini Reddy Mala Mankotia Manjusha. P Ramya Sree Rashmi Kumari G. Swetha Reddy R. Swathi Sree Usha Kiran