Educational Policies of Nigeria and South Korea Essay

nurture has been the corner stone of the success of both economy. In cost of those countries which hire been colonized and put on adopted a governance that was highly repressive in nature, one could importantly compete that such(prenominal)(prenominal) would post an effect to how direction was being delivered, the degree of goodness of the aforementioned, the demands of the market and the availability of jobs, and fin ally its effects to the economy.This paper focuses on the educational history and policies of Nigeria and South Korea in relation to the British military politics of the Nigerians and the Japanese occupation and the American military regimen of the South Koreans. These policies and norms are then significantly related to their employment systems and its effect on their economy.The objectives of this probe are the following 1. To establish a brief account of the educational policies and norms of Nigeria and South Korean and significantly identify its relatio nship to the military regime. 2. To significantly identify the effects of the educational policies and norms in relation to the availability of jobs to the citizens and thus the continuous demands of the market for such jobs and finally 3. To know the effects of educational excellence, jobs availability and demands to the sustainable development of an economy. Review of Related Literature tuition and Military Government in Nigeria One of the major constitutional changes that happened to the government of Nigeria was in 1953, a few eld after the valet contend II.Such a change took effect through the London collection attended by both Nigerian and Colonial officials which places the boorish low the rule of a Governor General, having the aforementioned the leader of the three commandment voices of the country. Such a change of the name of positions was a guidance for the British regime to increase the autonomous powers of the country thereby making education vested at the l ocal level, which is in accordance with the aim of unifying the theatrical role (Patterson, 1955, p. 94).Education, other than representation and taxation was one of the autonomous areas of governance that is designated to the of import government. As such it is with this respect that the government had ordered that the youth of Nigeria disregarding of any region should be given sound and uniform standards of exercise (p. 95). The objective of this educational policy is to have the youth fully brisk on their primary and substitute(prenominal) education so as to change them to seize higher(prenominal) education both inside and outside of the country. at bottom the new constitution, 34 subjects or areas of concern were given to the federal government to oversee. In addition with this, 14 subject areas were to a fault created and delegated to the federal government to be administered to individual regions. Consequently, it has also been perceived that the successful implementa tion of these subjects could alone happen if the individuals administering these areas were competent enough, hence resulting to the in truth high standards were implemented by the government in terms of employee recruitment (p. 5). Such a choose for the development of skills for the Nigerian youth resulted to the perceived shortness in terms of trained elderberry bush administrators and other technicians for various government and expert posts for the country. The federal government perceived that the shortage could only be remedied through higher education and long experience of the youth.At the end of 1953, it has been perceived that 5,000 senior service positions were available in which 3,300 of them were taken by overseas personnels or the expatriates. Only 800 positions are given to Nigerians, and there were still 900 positions more that were sluggish (World Bank, 1955, p. 23). The drive of the British Government to improve the education in Nigeria resulted to the govern ance of a weapons platform for development for African Territories under the British Crown.The program which was called the Colonial Development and Welfare Schemes was inaugurated in 1945 in which required the British Government to contribute 23,000,000 pounds sterling for ten years that would enable the country to develop and another loan of 26-500,000 pounds sterling that would be used to storehouse a number of projects including education and other research facilities (Patterson, 1955, p. 97).The result of such an effort on the end of the British Government paved the way for a consuming ambition among young Nigerians to be associated with the Government and take a number of white collar jobs (p. 8). Technical Education in Nigeria Technical education is placed as one of the major projects of the Ten-Year platform for Development and Welfare for the post-war Nigeria. Institutions that would cater to technical skills, trade, and handicrafts were created after the Second World Wa r. For instance, the Technical Institute of Yaba, the world-class center that was created outside Lagos offered three full-time and two part-time programs and special short courses.These skills were those relating to junior and senior technical and also teacher training. For a four-year education, the country had been offering instructions in wood working, drafting, sub-professional engineering, commerce and printing to those students who have completed eight years of primary education and have already passed a special catch up with examination. The senior technical course offered by the institute focused on courses in electrical, mathematical and civil engineering, architectural assistance and economics.Consequently, there were also teacher-training programs which offer a two-year course to prepare teachers for handicraft centers and secondary school craft courses (World Bank, 1955, p. 582-583). On the other hand, the Trade Centers at Yaba aimed to fire skilled craftsmen by offe ring courses which range from two to five years. The students in the first place learned on an apprenticeship basis after which they have already inform themselves with the tools of the trade and have learned to do simple tasks consequently pedantic instructions were given to the students averages one day every week.After the students have already gained the skills that are necessary, they were contacted by the trade center to go to enormous cities in order to work. Part of the educational system was also the refusal to learn new students until a new class graduates. As such, the intake and produce for just about courses happened only once in every five years. For the first five years of the operation of the Yaba Centre, there were only 85 students who had gradational while 18 were dismissed and 13 of them resigned (p. 84).The Weakness of the Nigerian Education One major weaknesses of the Nigerian education was the rock to have all areas of the Government to have properly st affed and well-trained individuals as such resulting in having schools to have its own standards and specializations and independence from other educational efforts. Such an act resulted at times to the replication of jobs or over specialization on some skills, which were often criticized to prevent holistic development.It has been argued by some scholars that schools that were operated by the departments of governments had the inclination to emphasize subjects that were too technical up to the extent of neglecting certain subjects such as English, Mathematics and the Social Sciences. As such, some students after graduating from departmental schools normally look for jobs that they believed will be necessary for their employment earlier than their abilities and interests (Patterson, 1955, p. 7-98).In effect of this, the inclination towards education had been something that was relative to that of available employment. extracurricular the market, it had been perceived that educatio n had no value and in the long run, had bear on little demand to the public. It is with this respect that competition among available jobs had been perceived to be very keen wherein the colonial Nigeria has clustered to commercial areas within the region (Davis and Kalu-Nwiwu, 2001, p. 1).It could also be significantly noted that education for women during the post-war Nigeria had also been problematic as although there were already several domestic science centers that were established, very few of them remained in actual operation. As such, the education of women had been lagging in the country. The education that was provided to women were those solely with regard to food preparation, sewing, cleaning, general sanitation and simple skills in nursing (World Bank, 1955, p. 588).

Walmart Company

Walmart Financial analytic thinking Prep bed for Becca Leland BIJSN 5600, Accounting supposition and Practice F entirely 1, 2013 Webster University 1 November 2013 Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. operates approximately 11,047 sell units beneath 69 banners in 27 countries. It has tether divisions The Wal-Mart Stores, The Sams Club, and International. The Wal-Mart Stores segment take ons 4,759 Discount Stores, Supercenters, and Neighborhood Markets in the United States, as well as Walmart. om. It offers app arel for women, girls, men, boys, and infants domestics, fabrics, and notions stati onery and books plaza ho lend oneselfwares hardware electronics ome furnishings small appliances automotive accessories horticulture and accessories sporting goods toys pet food and accessories cameras and supplies wellness and beauty aids pharmaceuticals Jewelry and optical, as well as ikon processing function.The Neighborhood Markets accommodate dry food market place, meat, produce, deli, baker y, dairy, frozen foods, pharmaceuticals, photo processing, health and beauty aids, household chemicals, paper goods, general merchandise, and pet supplies departments. The Sams Club segment includes 624 stores and comprises the warehouse membership clubs in the United States and samsclub. om. It offers hard-goods, soft-goods, software, electronics, Jewelry, sporting goods, toys, tires, stationery and books, institutional-size grocery items, and selected private labels.The International segment operates 6,288 various retail formats in countries to include Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Germ both, Mexico, Puerto Rico, southern Korea, and the United Kingdom. This segment operated 261 Canadian Wal-Mart stores and SAMs Clubs, 11 units in Argentina, cl units in Brazil, 88 units in Germany, 16 units in South Korea, 697 units in Mexico, 54 units in Puerto Rico, and 292 units in the United Kingdom, as well as 48 units in China under Joint venture agreements. The guild was in unifiedd in 1969 and is based in Bentonville, Arkansas. Walmart employs 2. 2 meg associates/employees close to the world to include 1. gazillion in the United States alone. Although there are many opportunities, numerous employment opportunities exist in the Accounting arena. Walmart has pay and Accounting departments impacting business and communities in all 27 countries, under 69 different banners and in every corner of the business, from Enterprise Risk counsel to Sustainability. For instance, Global Shared Services aggregates and streamlines more than of the monetary and payroll services for Sams Club and Walmart in North America, while Global Internal analyze helps ensure each store operates in the most cost-efficient way.These are exclusively a few of the many groups within Accounting &type A Finance, each responsible for vital services that impact the entire political party. Projects tramp from determinusining the financial impact of mergers and acquisitions to estimating the effec t on business when a hurricane hits. Every decision is driven by the mission to save race gold and help them live better. The responsibility xtends beyond retail and corporate officials make decisions in partnership with each other.Accounting & Finance is tranquil of these departments Accounting, Corporate Corporate Tax (International & Domestic) Treasury & Investor dealings Finance and Planning Walmart U. S. , Walmart. com International Finance Sams Finance Corporate dodging Global Shared Services Balance Sheet Assets change in and Cash Equivalents Pertain to liquid assets found on the balance sheet. In essence, cash equivalents can be converted into cash and include commercial paper, exchequer accounting, money market holdings and misfortunate term goernment bonds. Walmart reported well $7. cardinal in cash and cash equivalents for fiscal course closure January 31, 2013. Of the $7. 8 jillion, surprisingly, $5. 2 one million million million were held outsid e of the United States in backup man of foreign operations. All non-cash transactions due from various banks amounted to $1. 3 gazillion. Additionally, Walmart had $715 million in restricted cash in addition to another $876 million of cash that remains abroad and may not be well transferred to the United States because of local laws. Short circumstance Investments Walmart did not report any Short term investments and have not or the previous third years.Receivables Money that others owe the company. Account receivables are the amounts that a company has a right to collect because it sold goods or services on credence to a customer. Walmart had a variety of receivables for year cease January 31 , 2013 that include insurance companies solventing from pharmacy sales, bank transfers that took in excess of seven eld to process, suppliers for marketing or incentive programs and real estate transactions. Its net receivables amounted to about $6. 8 billion that included $1. 2 bi llion from consumer credit roducts alone.Just to tell a few, Walmart has the Walmart in-store credit card, Walmart split up, Sams Club in-store credit card and the Sams Club Discover card. Internal Controls designed to help an organization accomplish specific goals and more often than not importantly, in laymens terms, keep everyone honest . Walmart used t criteria set out by COSO Internal Control Integrated Framework. This framework primarily evaluates the achievements of objectives in the effectiveness and efficiency of operations, reliability of financial reporting and compliance with laws and regulations.For the year ending January 31, 2013, Walmarts financial reporting was audited by Ernst and Young LLP, an independent registered habitual accounting firm. Sarbanes-Oxley Act In July 2002, a corporate reform bill was passed into United States Federal law by the U. S. Senate and the U. S. House of Representatives. This legislation introduced in the buff and amended ethica l standards regarding financial practice and corporate governance for all publicly traded U. S. companies, as well as for management and accounting organizations. U. S. Senator bonnetital of Minnesota Sarbanes and U.S. Representative Michael G. Oxley spearheaded the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act. Just three years, after the bill was passed, in kinsfolk 2005, a former CEO from Wal- Mart de Mexico sent an email to a high ranking Walmart lawyer that referenced how Wal-Mart de Mexico had bribed foreign officials to expedite permits in an effort to win market control in Mexico. This opened up a formal internal investigation by Walmart that found supporting implicating that the Wal-Mart de Mexico executives knew about the bribes and took measures to conceal them as well.The case was later dismissed. In high-flown 2012, SOX violations resurfaced with Walmart. This time, two U. S. congressmen claimed that they received internal documentation that outlined possible outlaw(prenominal) activit ies that involved tax evasion and money laundering in Mexico. Their concerns were expressed in a letter to Michael Duke, the chief executive at Wal-Mart. descent Valuation Walmart cherishs inventories at the lower of cost or market as determined primarily by the retail method of accounting, utilize the last-in, first-out, last in first out, method for all of the Walmart U.S. segments. Walmart international is valued by the retail method of accounting as well but by use the first-in, first-out, FIFO, method. In contrast, Sams Club uses the weighted- average cost using the LIFO method. Total Current Assets for year ending January 31, 2013 were $59. 9 billion. Long Term Investments Walmart did not report any prospicient term investments and have not for the previous three years. Property, Plant and Equipment A large luck of Walmarts assets get laid from the property, put and equipment section of the balance sheet.In fact, of the $203 billion in total assets, property, plant and equipment makes up Just over $116 billion which includes $25 billion in land, $90 billion in buildings and improvements, $40 billion in fixtures and quipment, $2 billion in transportation equipment, $5. 9 billion in twirl in process and $5. 9 billion in property under capital leases for an approximate property and equipment gross of $171 billion. Walmart uses straight-line depreciation and major improvements were capitalized as leasehold improvements were depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life.Accumulated depreciation and amortization was $55 billion dollars which resulted in a property and equipment net of $116. 6 billion. Intangible Assets / Accumulated amortization Walmart did not report any and have not for the previous three years. Goodwill An account that can be found in the assets portion of a companys balance sheet. Goodwill can often arise when one company is purchased by another company. Walmarts goodwill is as a result of the acquisition of 147 N etto stores from Dansk Supermarket in the United Kingdom and to the acquisition ot a 5 % ownership in Massmart, a retailer based in South Africa.Goodwill for this period was $20 billion. Balance Sheet Liabilities and Equity Accounts Payable money owed by a business to its suppliers shown as a liability on a companys balance sheet. At year ending January 31, 2013, Walmart owed Just over 59 billion to its suppliers that are to be stipendiary compared to $56 billion the previous year. Short current long term debt this includes the long term debt that must be paid within 12 months. Walmart record Just over $12 billion. Total Current Liabilities Year ending January 31, 2013 = $71. billion Long Term Debt Financial obligations that last more than one year. Walmart recorded around $41 billion. This accounts for loans that Walmart has with several financial institutions. Deferred Long Term financial obligation Charges a collection of future obligations on the balance sheet. These som etimes include employee related expenses such as retirement plans, 401 k plans and workmans compensation plans is which Walmart before long has Just over $7. 6 billion. Minority Interest This represents the amount of blood line that is not owned by Walmart.Currently, Just over $5 billion is not owned by Walmart. Common Stock Walmart primarily issues common buy in that represents ownership in the corporation. Currently, there is neither preferred or treasury stock, however for year ending January 31, 2013, there $332 million of stock was outstanding. Current Market Value of Stock The current market value of Walmarts stock is currently $74. 79. Through the last 12 months, the trend has been from $67. 37 $79. 96 which is primarily because of fluctuating sales/wages.Walmarts stock value has go on to grow over the last 12 months that can be slowly contributed to its ability to remain a constant force in the market by providing lower prices, creating Jobs with competitive wages and clearly out-distancing itself from its closest rival. Dividends As noted below, Walmart last paid a dividend on September 3, 2013 with the nigh pay out date of January 2, 2014. Record exit Payable Date March 12, 2013 May 10, 2013 August 9, 2013 December 6, 2013 April 1, 2013 June 3, 2013 September 3, 2013 January 2, 2014 The last dividend paid for year ending January 31, 2013 was paid on December 27, 2012 at $0. 975 per fortune for a total of $1 1. 3 billion. Income Statement Comparison Walmarts income modify from fiscal year 2012 to fiscal year 2013. Wal-Mart Stores Inc. was been able to grow revenues from $447. 08 USD to $469. 28 USD. Most impressively, the company has been able to geld the percentage of sales attached to selling, general and administrative costs from 19. 8% to 18. 94%. This was a driver that led to a bottom line growth from $1 5. 7B USD to $17. 0B USD.Extraordinary gains/losings Perhaps the most important factor that caused Walmart to outgrowth its profits from 2012 to 2013 was its Non-recurring events. In 2012 alone, Walmart discontinued operations which caused them a loss in excess of $67 million. To its surprise, there was not a lost in year ending January 31, 2013. According to the Management Discussion and Analysis, the present situation it is very much essential that industries need to compare themselves witn the past ears. Analysis of performance ensures the industry get an idea as where they are lagging behind and the short falls which has to be rectified.Walmart has to make progress in improving their performances in the future in methodicalness to withstand in the market so that they can compete with the upcoming competitions in the future. Additionally, it has to mainly concentrate to extend the profit rather than change magnitude the volume of business, so they have to improver their sales and satisfy their customer to withstand in the market. In an render to analyze the financial position f the Walmart, it h as been revealed that though the turnover of the company cast upd however the profitability of the company has not increased correspondingly.Overall financial position of the company is satisfactory but however in the long run the company has to take measures to increase its working results in order to keep stay well above its competitors. Financial Statement Analysis Solvency Debt to Equity Ratio The company has improved its strength by increasing the working funds. The company should explore the possibility of reducing the operating expenses to increase its profit. Walmart should also take urgent locomote to reduce the debtors so as to increase its working capital position.The company should also take locomote to reduce the current liabilities and the overall liabilities position. Profitability It should take steps to increase its working capital base. The company should take steps to make use of the surplus funds in a profitable manner. Efforts must be put in increasing net pr ofit. It is necessary to take steps in improving the growth rating. Competition Perhaps Walmarts greatest competitor is target. However, Walmart ontinues to prove itself as the worlds leading retailer. In comparison to come out, its market cap was at $243. 8 billion while target was at $40. 04 billion. Additionally, Walmart rule Target in revenue as well. Walmarts revenue was $473billion while Target earned Just $73. 48 billion which generated a net income of $17. 09 billion for Walmart and $2. 71 billion for Target. In conclusion, Walmart continues to be the leading retailer in the industry. It clearly out-distances its closest competitor, however, in order to remain that force, it need to reduce its liabilities. It currently wes suppliers $59 billion. This needs to be reduced significantly.https//finance.yahoo.com/https//www.stock-analysis-on.net/NYSE/ lodge/Wal-Mart-Stores-Inchttps//www.stock-analysis-on.net/NYSE/Company/Wal-Mart-Stores-Inc/Ratios/Profitabilityhttps//www.stock -analysis-on.net/NYSE/Company/Wal-Mart-Stores-Inc/Ratios/Liquidityhttps//s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2013/Annual/2013-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221024708579502.pdfhttp//c46b2bcc0db5865f5a76-91c2ff8eba65983a1c33d367b8503d02.r78.cf2.rackcdn.com/93/a7/ff21a9764702bb5bc8271faacfeb/2012-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221023846998881.pdf

ISP †Child’s Play Essay

In aliveness, every maven has experiences which ca handling them to lose sight of who they truly are. In these situations one will flavour gainsays and discover their darkest desires and deepest temptations. In Alice rice beers short story infants Play, the conflict between Verna, Marlene and Charlene is portray through Munros hire of literary devices which ultimately reveals the breathing out of innocence experienced by the characters. This is unpatterned in Marlene and Charlenes life as the use of imagery exploits the drastic transformation they experience.Similarly, foreshadowing techniques ostentation the inner turmoil the protagonists are facing. Lastly, situational irony is used to show the characters lowest transition from the innocent people they were to the guilty people they pretend become. The vote counter uses imagery to give insight on Marlene and Charlenes characters, revealing their redness of innocence. As Marlene poses up, she begins to recognize the harsh realities of the world around her. The change is evident when she describes these changes from her own perspective, Every year when youre a child, you become a different person.Generally its in the fall when you re-enter school, father your place in a higher grade, and leave behind the cakehole of summer vacation. Thats when you register the change most on (Munro 1). The use of imagery in this situation clear shows how change is a all important(p) part of life and that it is unes capable. As one grows up, puerility fantasies begin to make pass as darkness consumes the innocence of the world. Through continuous use of imagery, Munro describes the deterioration of the conflicted mental states of the protagonists. This struggle between right and wrong is seen when Marlene and Charlene dissolve to drown Verna.Vernas head did not break from the surface she was bit in a leisurely way, light as a ship of the line in the body of water. Charlene and I had our hands on her, on her rubber cap (Munro 12). The actions of the protagonists show the battle they are facing inside. This conflict tempts them to act on their hate and disgust towards Verna, demonstrated on their struggle to decide whether to drown her or not. This struggle clouds their judgement and blushtually leads them to surrender to temptations, sequentially cast off them of their innocence.As Masters Student Elisa Vancoppernolle suggests, Verna has done nothing to anger the narrator solely acts any(prenominal)what strangelychildren are monstrously conventional, repelled at once by whatever is off center, out of whack, unmanageable (Vancoppernolle, 47-48). Vancoppernolle uses this merelyness of difference to explain how the characters actions were committed out of pure hatred.Lastly, Munro uses imagery to display how Marlene and Charlene succumb to their cruel intentions, transforming themselves into new people. This transformation is seen through the pursual narration Our eyes did not meet as the head of Verna essay to rise above the surface like a dumpling in a stew Charlenes eyes were wide and gleeful as I suppose mine were too.I dont consider we felt wicked, triumphing in our wickedness (Munro 12). This imagery shows the cruelty demonstrated by Marlene and Charlene as a product of their transformation from innocent children to violent murderers. both characters act as if they are not ashamed of what they hand over done, but rather proud. The use of imagery in Childs Play, clearly demonstrates how the characters begin to lose their purity. Oftentimes, the situations one encounters is influenced by their environmental conditions they are undetermined to.This becomes visible in the characters Marlene and Charlene as shown through the use of foreshadowing. Munro uses foreshadowing to express an atmosphere of tension and frailty on the day Verna and the separate specials arrive at camp. Marlene describes the tense surroundings by saying, We were living in a stage set to be dismantled and with it all the friendships, enemies, rivalries that had flourished (Munro 6). This use of foreshadowing reflects how the camp is around to fall apart. It exposes the link between the airiness of the characters and the atmosphere.In addition, the transition of the weather from sunny to stormy represents the concomitants that are about to unfold, symbolizing their inner rage and aggression. This change in the environment is envisioned through the narration The clouds darkened. In the air there was what some people called the smell of the storm. (Munro 7). The change in whether refers to the events that are about to occur. Further more, the darkening of the clouds reflects the darkness that lives inside of the protagonists, showing their drastic transition from innocence to guilt.Critic, Charles may punctuates how the change in environment coincides with the change inside of the girls. He suggests that at the moment the clouds darken, Marlene and Charlene take pleasure in spying on Verna and to incur how repulsive and monstrous she is (May, EBSCO). He reveals how it is at this moment when the camp is affluent of menace. Foreshadowing also shows the haunting yields that Marlene and Charlenes actions use up on those around them. The effects of their actions are seen when Marlenes mother voices her opinion. How sad, how awful.There should have been supervision the foibles of my distant futile state (Munro 1). The confusion of her mother allows one to realize that something awful has happened. Her mothers expressions suggest that although Marlene may be a child, she is capable of horrible things, forcing her to lose her innocence. For both Marlene and Charlene, it is evident that unexpected events cause them to question their true identities. The irony in Childs Play portrays the transition from unbreakable bond between childhood friends, to eventually becomes a distant relationship.The end of their friendship is seen w hen Marlene states, I have not kept up with Charlene. I dont even remember how we said goodbyeour parents arrived and we gave ourselves over (Munro 7-8). The termination of the girls friendship is contrary to what the readers expects. The breaking of this powerful bond shows how as children grow up, they become less naive to the ways of the world. Another ironic event that occurs in the story is when Marlene discovers that Charlene is sick. Marlene describes this revelation when she says, Charlene was in Princess Margret Hospital.Her lavcer had begun in the lungs and dot to the liver. She had only a short time to live (Munro 9). This irony expresses that as one grows older, they are faced with many more tragedies. These experiences show how the word is not a place where everything is safe and perfect it is broken just as Marlene and Charlene are corrupted. Finally, the irony depicts the shocking turn of events when the reader at last learns that the girls kill Verna. This discove ry is portrayed by this narration I can imagine the unease starting to set inThat someone is loseone of the specialsWhat is her name?Verna. Is that not something out there in the water? (Munro 12). When the death of Verna is revealed, one can see just how much the girls have changed. Their evolution from children to violent criminals subsequently causes their loss of innocence. Journalist Leah Hager proposes that Marlene and Charlene transgressed not only when against propriety, but against human life itself (New York Times). Hager concludes that one may be more similar to Marlene and Charlene than they originally thought, as the loss of innocence is a challenge that each person must overcome.Ultimately, the use of situational irony shows how the circumstances the protagonists face lead to their final loss of innocence. In conclusion the literary devices emphasize the great differences between Marlene, Charlene and Verna causing the characters to lose their innocence as they cre ate mentally into different people as their loss of innocence shapes them into their own person. The effect of the imagery, foreshadowing and situational irony causes one to question their similarity to Marlene and Charlene desperate to thresh the prison that they have created for themselves through their hatred and loathing.

Aqua Fish Canada Inc.

BackgrounderThe background teaching relating to the causa tryout (Backgrounder) is provided to candidates in advance of the examination date. The Backgrounder contains education about both the social club and the assiduity involved in the display case. Candidates ar expected to familiarize themselves with this information in preparation for the analysis that volition be required during the Case Examination.Candidates should note that they will not be allowed to bring any create verbally material, including the advance copy of this Backgrounder, into the examination centre. A new copy of this Backgrounder, in concert with additional information about the company and a supplement of formulae and tables, will be provided at the writing centre for the Case Examination. Only the following(a) models of calculators are authorized for use during the Case Examination1. Texas Instruments TI BA II Plus (including the professional model) 2. Hewlett Packard HP 10bII (or HP 10Bii) 3. Sh arp EL-738C (or EL-738)Candidates are reminded that no outside research on the constancy related to this case is required. Examination responses will be evaluated on the basis of the industry information provided in the Backgrounder and the question paper (Additional Information).Overview Aqua Fish Canada Inc. (AFC) is a in camera owned, Canadian company involvedin aquaculture in the oceanics. Aquaculture is the cultivation and harvest of fish in a natural or manufactured environment. federally incorporated on May 1, 2002, AFC has complete a reputation for delivering a quality product Atlantic salmon on a seasonable basis from its profitable fish originates and is a growing, commercial operation. AFC builds and maintains fish farm facilities hatches, feeds, grows, and harvests Atlantic salmon and distributes the unprocessed fresh fish mainly to customers in Canada and the northeastern U.S. Company HistoryIn early 2002, triad Maritimers with backgrounds in the fishing industr y (Joel Palango, Wendy Starky, and Jeanne Poirier) decided to search for potential embellishment opportunities that would help the local Maritime economy. They observed that, with access to plentiful water and site resources, a abundant workforce with a background in fishing, and governments eager to create employment, the aquaculture industry was growing along the eastern coast of Canada. Although they knew that there would be no revenue until the archetypical fish grew large enough to sell, they were prepared to wait several years to realize a return and they decided to invest in an aquaculture business. Aqua Fish Canada Inc. was incorporated and the first decision make by the three shareholders was to establish an Atlantic salmon aquaculture farm.Guy Mills, an experienced aquaculture executive, was engage to build the business from the ground up. The first farm site was established within six months and operations began in November 2002 with the first spawning of fish. By Oc tober 2004, a sufficient number of farmed fish had reached a marketable weight and AFC harvested its first batch of salmon. Over the next five years, the company established three more salmon farm sites in three provinces as shown in Table 1 below.

Business Plan for Toy Shop

BUSIENSS aim FOR TOY SHOP BUSINESS PLAN KIDZONE TOY STORE Submitted by Ajit Mangarulkar Vishwanath Patil Piyush Borde Kunal Dalal Yogendra Bhosale Rahul Tayade Overview of the Industry INTRODUCTION The toy industry mainly concentrated in and roughly the metropolitan cities of New Delhi and Mumbai in India, is characterized by sm every-scale establishments. Of late, the toy industry has been internationalized. The application of new materials and technologies allow added value to the variety of the toys. Today, the subroutine of toys is unlimited.They atomic number 18 used for decorations by adults and for education & act by babyren. Toys ar too being used for entertainment and claw development. elastic toys, along with soft toys (mainly dolls) and come along games, make up about 80% of the Indian foodstuff in value terms. The change that is discernible is the d ingestfall in Importance of board games ( anformer(a)(prenominal) than puzzles), which involve play by a group of children. Those in the trade argue that, with smaller family size today and the growing incidence of both scoreents working, there is little scope for board games, which families used to traditionally play together.The emphasis these long cartridge clip is much to a greater extent on toys, with which a child crowd out play on his/her own. marketplace Dynamics of the Indian Toy Trade The Indian toy market exhibits some of the characteristics common to any toy market while others mother uniquely the Indian character. Individual toys have a short purport cycle. There is a constant need for novelty. Consumer admirations change rapidly. Resurrection of old toys does non work a new content has to be added or altered. These rules, in general, apply to most toy markets internationally. In addition, the Indian market has its own angularities.Toy gross revenue in India have well defined seasonal patterns concurrent with the festival season. Generally, the prison term t erminus from July to November is the high season with temporary surges in some States in December & March. Toy selling in India often involves selling to 3 individuals simultaneously, videlicet the child, who ordain use the toy, the mother, who is implicated with safety, space to play, etc. and the father who controls the purse strings. The market is also passing price sensitive. This trend has been reinforced by the intromission of large-scale imports of bum and novel toys from china.These have mostly been unbranded, of low priced and in discordent quality toys. The past decade has seen the Indian toy industry making quick strides in terms of harvest-timeion and exports. At present, India produces a wide range of toys, namely plastic and mechanical activity toys, plastic and soft dolls, stuffed toys, board games, puzzles, educational games and toys, metal toys, electronic toys and games. It is estimated that the toy convergenceion in India is around INR 5. 50 billion i n the organized sector and INR 12. 50 billion in the unorganized sector with nearly 20% annual average maturation rate.There are more than 3000 units in the small-scale sector including large deem of units in the cottage sector. Some large/MNCs toy units like the Mattel, Lego and Funskool are also present in India. With international quality toys avail able in India now, the average spending on toys has increased substantially and this process is back up by an increase in disposable income at the customer end. admission To every child, presenting a toy creates a exceptional attachment surrounded by the two. We intend to satisfy the needs of the children mainly aged downstairs 10yrs. y having an KIDZONE as a part of organized sell, catering to almost all the trifling requirements of kids. Service bequeath be angiotensin converting enzyme of our main cerebrate field of forces wherein we intend to have a play n feel the toys regulate attracting the kids to enjoy with toy s. This facility depart give a real cutaneous senses of amusement to children, hence attracting the kids and parents towards it. Thereafter we will also hand over a babysitting facility for parents deceiveping throughout the mall and in the interim the trifling needs of babies will be taken care of.Secondly, we will focus on disintermediation of assurement channel by directly sourcing the und oneness crossways from the toy manufacturers mainly from mainland China & other manufacturers from India. Most significantly we are looking forward to revolutionize the toy industry by having merged quality with fun wherein all the safety issues would be taken care ensuring the source of playfulness not becoming a psychoneurotic item. Above all our long term goal is to make our retail outlets as a brand name well recognized in toy industry and increase the organized retail market dowry in toys segment.Management Team Vishwanath Patil Ajit Mangarulkar Piyush Borde Yogendra Bhosal e Kunal Dalal Marketing Plan SWOT Analysis Strengths Our byplay would convey touch & feel factor to the child We would impart child caring facility in our retention where the parents can go away their child and go for crapping which will in turn run short to sales by having child for more time of days in discloses & can be inclined or fascinated to any of the toy handsome & Growing Population (Market Size data to found out) come along group between 0-8 eld Maximum Loyalty towards shitDemonstration Effect high Margins due to large imports from China, Hong Kong & other countries Wide range of harvest-times to elect Fewer bargains for the produces Increase in disposable income of middle class impuissance Emotional attachment towards toy which pebibytes to non repetitive buying Price sensibility market Safety Issue in terms of lead contain, acerbity of toys etc Individual toy have shorter life cycle & consumer taste changes rapidly Opportunity Untap ped organized sector which consists of only 10% of total toy industry. Better support from governmentDemand for Educational toy in the market Threats Due to large expansion of Mall Culture, there is increase in competition from the players Big Fish with deep pockets will able to sell products at competitive price (Entry of global brands) Marketing scuffle The marketing mix is often summarized as the four Ps Product, Price, Place and Promotion. Product The type of product that would be placed in the retentiveness will be dependent on the age group. During the sign period the store would cater to age group of from the day child is born to 8 eld.The later as the store expands and capital is generated the store would cater to toys catering to people with age more than 8 years and toys for adult. The product that will be defined inwardly age group is as follows 0-24 months Teethers, squeaks, Tomy, balls, soft toys, baby education toys and others. Photos of some of products are aba ndoned beneath. 2 years to 4 years puzzles, cars, Helicopters Photos of some of products are shown below 4years to 6 years Magic tricks, electronic cars and helicopters, electronic gadgets and toys of film stars and other famous personality, famous cartoon character, Barbie & others.Photos of some of products are shown below 6years to 8 years Tricycles, Bicycles, and other ride on toys. Apart from that the melodic toys and electrical operated toys will also be placed in the shelves 8 years to 10 years Board room games, chess and other family games would be the major attraction The stuffed toys and Plush toys would be all time major attraction towards the customers. The above mentioned is only a part of full list of offerings offered by the store. The main unique selling proposition would be the Indian touch in toys.We will also try to procure the toys of famous personalities all time legends like Shahrukh Khan from film industry, Dhirubhai Ambani from business,Narayan Karthike yan from F1 pelt along like all the famous personalities in their respective fields will be incorporated as toys. The toys projected in any of Bollywood and Hollywood industry will also be major attraction for the customers. We will try to innovate and help suppliers to also make customized product if viable and thereby change magnitude the revenues.The key to business will be constant innovation in all product ranges. Price The price of the product sell in the shop will depend on the sourcing and also the total cost of procurement. In the initial years of opening of shop we will not be having competitive pricing further the prices would be at par with other competitors in the market. After years of encounter in the business and due to strong hold with the suppliers, we will be having a bargaining power with the suppliers and will try to sell product at lower prices compared to competitor.We will be having Lowest Prices in the town in one of product everyday to attract as um teen customers as possible. Moreover the product would be selling at par with our costing, so we wont be able to generate from the product sold at lowest prices. The whole list of prices with the name of the product is attached in the annexure 8. Place The majority of the product would be procured from China and also some of the product would be procured from India itself. The main source from India would be Chennai, Noida and Mumbai. The sourcing from China would be in terms of imports via sea route.The cost of procuring of the product is already been included in the financials. The time for procurement of goods would be fetching near around 28 days from the day of placing of assure from China and the procurement from Chennai or Noida will take maximum four days and from Mumbai it would take one day lead time. The toys would be stock in the store itself there wont be any special storage place or another location of the toys. The toys would be right away available to the customer s on demand if stock is available. PromotionThe less perspiration would be required in terms of promotion as the store will be located in Thane East But lock promotion will be required to create a go in the metropolis which would be carried out be two means. 1) sucker Ads in local newspaper. As maximum people in Maharashtra are habituated of reading of local newspaper, so the ads would be attached in local newspaper on repetitive basis. The ads will also be given in other non local newspaper but frequency of ads would differ in both the cases. 2) Advertisement would be carried out in radio set stations. Continuous announcement would be given in all star(p) radio stations like Radio Mirchi and Big FM. ) Distributions of pamphlets would also be one of the marketing strategies for carrying out promotion. As in the initial period it is not possible to be present in all the malls, so distribution of pamphlets in all the malls will be carried out on weekly basis. 4) All this pro motion will in turn lead to Word of mouth marketing 5) In later stages of business the viral marketing will also be carried out. OPERATION PLAN localisation The location selected for opening an outlet is THANE (Maharashtra). Thane is the largest city in the state of Maharashtra and the The city is witnessing a major construction boom and population increase.A rising focus of education, information technology and scientific industries, Thane remains the cultural and commercial affection of Maharashtra, and much of western India. The main reason behind selection of this city is the city is developing stage & we witness tremendous hazard in the coming years. The real estate boom will be going to come in the city so we dont wont to miss the opportunity to be there within couple of years. The reason for selection of the city is its proximity to MUMBAI. The proximity to the city will help in reducing the transportation cost and increasing overall efficiency and savings in operations .Type of Building The location of the shop would be in the shop in Thane (East). Amount of Space The heart of space essential would be around 2000 sq feet of area which would be more or less compared to any retail chains. The amount of space needed would be targeted in malls in the basement near around the entry of Reliance and Big Bazaar shops. We targeted the basement due to its cost effectiveness. The shop would be lease for 5 year period for the initial direct and then if needed would be bought out. The general lease rental of the area in Thane (East) is around Rs. 30000 per month. Other DetailsThe business hours of the shop would last from 10am to 10pm as major. We see the quantifys to be getting extended at weekends. Moreover the timing would be subjected to the change. Lead Time The main source of supplier would be from the Shantou in China and from Shanghai in China. The other supplier from India would be the Hanung toys in Noida, Mattel Inc. in Chennai and also the Funs kool India Ltd in Chennai. The cost of transport of consignment from China to India ranges from 428 USD to 600 USD depending on the date of rolling. The other cost of transportation from Mumbai to Thane would be around 2000 INR.The cost of procurement of consignment from Mumbai to Thane would be is 3000INR and from Delhi/Noida it is around 8000 INR. So the lead time if calculated to import from toys from China would be around one month and from procurement from India only it would take around one week from farthest place i. e. Chennai in India for procurement of toys. Sales adhesion Due to prime location of the shop in the malls we expect the sales to be reaching high in the weekends and also in the festivals. This routine comes from the fact that out of 15000 people visiting Thane East daily on an average, around 82% are parents and remaining are youth.So out of 82% of total population we average that around 35% of parents would be with child who comes for the shopping. As ment ioned that we shall be a unique adventure in the shop as a contend area in particular allotted for the kids to play with the toys which ever they demand out of majority of samples placed in playing area. The other advantage is that the child would be taken care of specially trained employees and all this package would come for free. We expect the shopping time taken by any parents would be around 1 hour.So we provide facility for parents to leave their child to play in the shop and if they want they can buy the toy. We rely on the fact provided by the doctors that one hour is enough for a child up to 6 years to get addicted with the toy. Hence as a child gets addicted to play with the toy, they would force parents for purchase of same toy. We only expect 75 customers to get converted out of minimum 1500 people visiting per hour (which is around just 5% of total customers visited in the mall. ) The other antecedent for increase in the sales would be the festivals and also the Val entines solar day for the youth.The shop target customer is up to 14 years but due to presence of Splush toys and also teddies and fur toys which stand attraction for the youth, so we expect the sales to increase in valentine day. Personnel In order to manage the day to day operations we along with three partners have decided to keep the following personnel for smooth operations. In order to reduce our fixed expenses we have restricted ourselves to six employees in the initial three months of our operations. However with time and requirement we shall keep increasing the strength. chassis of employees * Store Facilitators-02 Store Manager-01 * Housekeeper-01 Financial Details Projected start up cost Projected start up cost Security Deposits periodic RentSalary to StaffPurchase of ToysFurniture and StationaryReserved 100000 30000 20000250000 50000 50000 essence Start Up Cost 500000 Sources of Fund 50% fund from Partners50 % fund from State Bank of India 250000250000 Total Fund i ncrease 500000 Projected Balance Sheet Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs. Capital 500000 Furniture ComputerStockCash DepositeCurrent assets 50000 20000250000 50000100000 30000 Total 500000 Total 500000

The Golden Era of East Coast Hip-Hop

The Golden period of east sliding board pelvic arch-hop This piece will demonstrate an understanding of the roaring era of eastern hemisphere lantern slide blame, from 1986 to 1993, focusing and analysing the historical grow, influences and inspirational individuals, giving indite to harmonyal examples that shaped vitamin E coast rap music. Attention will as considerably as be centred on the legacy left, concentrating on the music that was influenced as well as the resulting change in fashion and political views. Historical roots &038 influenceThe easternmost coast was influenced somewhat by the traditions of West Afri exceptt shade, the Griots go out back hundreds of years who travelled as poets and lyricists, contributed greatly to the lyricism of East coast hip-hop the music of the Last Poets, Gil Scott-Heron and Jalal Mansur Nurriddin, had great importance to the training of east coast hip hop with their ahead of time lashs and rhythm. The further to the hig hest degree pack influence on East coast hip-hop was the Jamaican elbow room of Toasting, which consisted of chanting over African American R&038B magnetic disks.African American sailorsintroducedToastingin the 1960s at dances termedBlues dances,whilst in port. The advent of Hip-hop culture can be traced back to the invariably more widespread block destinyies of New York City (1973), where a stain cultralization of African Americans and Puerto Ricans began in the South Bronx. These block parties mostly comprised of DJs playing dialect genres such as soul, funk and disco, DJ Kool Herc amongst them, was creeded with the development of East coast hip-hop, his technique of isolating the break from a hard smash funk pass over and extending it by using two copies of the same record became rattling popular.He emigrated to America (1967) from Jamaica bringing with him the already popular DJ port of break-beat coalesce use in Jamaican Dub music. He promote B-boying or break-da ncing, which became part of the four elements of hip-hop culture (B-boying, whang, graffiti and Djing), heintroduced a generation of sampling, which was extensively used in 80s hip-hop whilst creating a generation ofDjsand influencing artists such as Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaatta and DJ autopsy. Gangs had great influence on the evolution of East coast hip-hop culture, from guarding equipment, security for Djs, to collecting property off the doors of parties.Afrika Bambaatta once head of the largest gang in New York, the sour Spades, managed to create one the largest movements in hip-hop culture, the Zulu Nation. This hip-hop awareness mathematical group began organizing societal events for the youths of New York, merging the main the four elements of hip-hop, B-boying, graffiti, rapping and Dj mixing to create a place of unity and peace, where issues could be settled without fury and where the youth could socialize, as well as promoting black billet.Bambaatta had great feat on the growth of hip-hop culture one very authoritative piece he produced was Planet rock (1982), which became one of the most constantly renderd and remixed tracks in hip-hop. The influence from Kraftwerk is apparent through with(predicate)out the melody from the Trans-Europe express (1977) is used as well as their mood of synthetic drums and rhythms. Arthur Baker, the producer, set a blueprint for future producers by the use of the Roland TR-808. Distinctive elements &038 individualsIn divergence to galore(postnominal) early raps, which utilized basic rhyme patterns, East coast can be defined by its emphasis on poetic readiness it may also be characterized by its intricate wordplay, metaphors, polysyllable rhymes and politic conveyance, production may be perceived as hard hitting, aggressive and mainly sample driven, as seen in Dj Premiers iconic production. A major influential duo in East coast rap was Eric B &038 Rakim, who made sampling crowd together brown the main basis of hip-hop in the late 80s and early 90s.The duo saw their debut with the single Eric B is president (1986), which consisted of Rakims notable laidback vocal music style and Eric Bs distinguished scratching. The pilot film record recognized Eric B as the producer and Marley Marle as the mixer, but the fact was, Marley Marle arranged the parts together the duo just only when paid him, due to their lack of knowledge with studio equipment.The track contained the known baseline from Fonda Raes over like a rat (1982) supra drums from the Honey Dippers Impeach the president (1972) and the vocal sample of James browneds funky president (1974), which was the scratched by Eric B a subtle 808 kick was also layered underneath. Marley Marle produced the entire track using a four track recorder and an Akai Mpc Renaissance, he depict these confines as, Limitations made us what we were, he said. We were making classic hip hop in the projects in the living room, no studio and a four track.So its not where youre from, its where youre at. sometimes limitations are good1. The duo had their record album debut with Paid in full (1987) which soon became East coast hip-hops most influential album of the golden era, with Rakims style setting a blueprint for future East coast rappers, it was interpreted from the old-school era to the melodious dexterity known to define East coast hip-hop of the 90s. Rakims jazz influences were portrayed throughout the album with his tranquil implementation.Yvonne Bynoe describes this era as During this period, it was rap artists, rather than mysterious churches or traditional civil rights organizations, who through their music and personas connected with disenfranchised urban youth2. James brownish had a very similar influence, His music not only reflected the step of and the diligence and militancy of the bootleg liberation struggle, but some of his shouts became anthems of Black Pride in the face of racism and state repression , such as, severalise it Loud, Im Black and Im Proud, which echoed a mantra of Emiliano Zapata, Wed rather die on our feet / Than be livin on our knees3.These views on Black Nationalism, social states and Afrocentrism became the main reasons for the extensive sampling of James chocolate-brown in this era, many would agree that without James Brown hip-hop would not be where it is today. K. R. S One became a foremost influence to the East coast hip-hop movement, eager to express his West Indian heritage he began creating a new hip-hop reggae style, deeply motivated by reggae caption Shinehead he started to incorporate and promote Jamaican dance hall expressions into hip-hop music.He had his debut after founding BDP (Boogie Down Productions), combined with D-Nice and DJ Scot La Rock with the influential album Criminal Minded (1987), which soon gained credit for the devotement of gangsta rap. The albums production followed the path of Eric B and Rakim by the wide acceptance of sampl ing James Brown. Poetry (1987) contained samples from James Browns Dont tell it (1976), Dope beat (1987) enwrap samples from ACDC Back in Black (1981) and Criminal minded incorporated the vocal melody from the Beatles Hey, Jude (1968).The Jamaican inspiration is present throughout the album, utilizing the Diseases riddim which began with Yelowmans reggae song Zunguzung (1982), the groove can strongly be perceive in Remix for p &038 9mm but was more hostile and provocative. Criminal minded was the first album to contain a vivid portrayal of real life in the south Bronx streets it paved the way for the next decade of gangsta rap. The albums was the first of their motley to promote gun violence as can be heard in 9mm and the brandishing of firearms on the front cover, which soon became widely accepted in the 90s era.The album was mainly produced by K. R. S it is sampled based production, a very aggressive style and utilizing the sampling of funk breaks. The legacy The legacy East co ast hip-hop left was vast, greatly expanding to a more commercially viable demographic, with the help of Bambaatta, it was spread worldwide. Dr. Joycelyn Wilson describes the legacy left, Surely the cultural expressions in a hip-hop lifestyle created a way for many citizenry across a variety of backgrounds to grow wealth, extend the boundaries of their artistic talents and establish a foothold in areas of political and civic engagement4.Political and social views expressed through music had been preserved in many former(a) styles of music, gangsta rap was soon to follow the golden era, heavily influenced by Eric B &038 Rakim and K. R. S, it became a dominant force in hip hop culture up until its collapse in the late 1990s. The majority of early rap was accredited for decreasing gang violence but the emergence of gangsta rap did completely the opposite, many youths of society would come to express the quarrels of individuals into a across the nation dispute, this can be seen in the feud between the Blood and the Crips gangs.The golden era was the most innovative, diverse and creative period in hip-hop it developed many new styles of popular music, formed new words, which take on currently entered our daily vernacular and penetrated conventional culture. The early fashion style of the B-boys (baggy jeans, trainers, jewellery and tracksuits etc. ) has been echoed throughout mainstream society, with the majority of popular fashion companies following. Businesses such as Adidas, Nike, Fred Perry, and so forth have all played part in spreading hip-hop fashion to the masses.Many genres have been influenced since this era from the subscribe to sampling of raps as seen in early jungle, (Dj Hypes early production is a good example), to mainstream pop culture taking at once influence, having such artist as N. E. R. D, Nelly and Mary J Blige having number ones during the 2000s. graffito has since become a worldwide, recognised art form, from being regarded simply as vandalism, to now having designated art galleries for street art, artists such as Banksy have taken direct influence from hip-hop culture to develop their own skills. Bibliography Krims, A . (2000). Analyzing rap An outline.Rap Music and the Poetics of Identity. Cambridge Cambridge University Press. p12-17. Plough, G. (2004). Hip- bound off is more than just a music to me The potential for a movement in the culture. Check It While I Wreck It Black Womanhood, Hip-Hop Culture, and the Public Sphere. Holliston Northeastern University Press . p3-12. Price, E . (2006). The rise and spread of Hip-hop culture . Hip-Hop Culture. / ABC-CLIO Ltd . p1-17. Vierkant, P. (16 July 2007 ). James Brown and his influential power in music. James Brown and the black power movement or was Americas soul brother number one a black nationalist?.Munich GRIN Verlag oHG . p21-38. Andrew copyright extraordinaire. (2012). Hip Hop twine Through the Years. Avalable http//altavozdistroco. com/2012/02/28/hip-hop-i nfluence-through-the-years/. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. Bynoe Y. 2005. HIP-HOP POLITICS DECONSTRUCTING THE novel . on hand(predicate) at http//funk-the-system. net/hiphopolitics. html. Last accessed 20th Feb 2013. Dubspot. (2012). Marley Marl Classic Recipes Recreating Eric B. &038 Rakim Eric B. Is President . Online Video. 28 November. Available from http//youtu. be/hvob_fcrRZs. Last accessed 19th February 2013.Dr. Wilson, J. (2011). What Will Be Hip-Hops legacy?. Available at http//www. theroot. com/views/what-will-be-hip-hop-s-legacy-it-s-complicated? page=0,1. Last accessed 19th Feb 2013. Hales, L. (2007). James Brown left indelible mark on Black culture. Available http//www. workers. org/2007/us/james-brown-0111/. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. Linebarger, J. (/). HIP-HOPS LEGACY AND IMPACT ON POPULAR CULTURE. Available http//www. sbea. mtu. edu/users/jdlineba/Hiphop%20research%20final. pdf. Last accessed 2nd Feb 2013. Smith, K. (/). The Influence of Hip Hop Music on Societ y.Available http//www. ehow. com/about_6635022_influence-hip-hop-music-society. html. Last accessed 15th Jan 2013. Wood, J . (2004). RAP MUSIC. Available http//novaonline. nvcc. edu/eli/evans/his135/Events/Rap79/RapMusic. html. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. Wikipedia. (2013). Rapping. Available http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Rapping. Last accessed 18th Feb 2013. &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 1 Dubspot. (2012) 2 Bynoe Y (/) 3 Hales, L. (2007) 4 P. 2 Dr. Wilson, J. (2011) &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212 q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? ? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? q? w? e? r? t? y? u? i? o? p? a? s? d? f? g? h? j? k? l? z? x? c? v? b? n? m? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????

Questionnaire On Marketing In Branded Clothing

The federation was established in the twelvemonth 1994 as a small design studio in a 200 sq. Ft. lacuna in Chennai today derby posits its presence through 33 soap ancestrys & ampere 238 multi defect outlets across the southern states.Until 2008, the home runs presence was h aged(prenominal) in to a single outlet in Chennai. Post 2008, the brand has stretch out its wings methodically not whole in geographic cattle farm but as well in its product profile.The brands expedition to its demo size is in fact a mirror exposure of its promoters vision of life- positive, n forever-say-die & full of life. Mr Vijay Kapoor, the 37 year old managing director of the company, started life in a very humble way as a salesman selling concepts. Today, his vision has moody a phenomenal success that derby is.STORY OF THE COMPANYIn 1994, Vijay Kapoor wanted to launch a strikingly different menswear brand. He was looking for a stand-out notice. He chose DERBY. Because the name sounded i nternational. And it cued adventure, fun, competitiveness, a daring spirit and above all was very macho. The grime rules were very clear. Instead of being all things to everybody, DERBY decided to taking into custody focused on men who seek the very best in whatever they do, whatever they buy. When DERBY entered the fashion market, the field was crowded. But at that place was no brand offering choice and class in the semi-format instalment at an affordable price. DERBY plugged this gap. When it was fashionable for apparel brands to be operational at multi-brand outlets, DERBY chose the Exclusive Store route. And consequently, the DERBY Flagship Stores were born. In multi-brand outlets, DERBY opted for a shop-within-a-shop strategy to maintain the air of exclusivity.derby hat does not undecomposed sell a commodity. It welcomes every impertinent member into a company that stands for freedom & success. derby hat Jeans Community is the only brand in the world that works on ad ding believers rather than just selling to customers. The brand believes in creating the best community around and this community will make a difference in every sphere of life. Freedom & success for everyoneChennai-based, disruptive fashion retailer Derby Clothing, has major refinement plans on the anvil, which include unveiling stores in major fashion capitals across the globe. Plans withal include coarseing flagship stores in Delhi, Mumbai and Pune. It is also open to the creative thinker of opening stores even in smaller towns kindred Ranchi, Siliguri, Vijayawada, etc.Derby is foraying into all major cities and smaller towns across the domain. It is looking to increase the number of stores from the present 34 to 70 by the end of the year. The brand will be present in a number of premium malls and high streets in cities like Mumbai, Pune, Delhi, Chandigarh, Kolkata, Bangalore Durgapur, Bhopal, Jamshedpur, etc.Derby offers varied ranges of denim jeans with fits like sl im, slim straight and comfort and in shirts they provide fits like comfort, muscle and slim, mainly targeted at the youngsters. Alongside, Derby is also adding certain product ranges to the current collection to differentiate its offerings, considering that it is diffuseing in to conglomerate quits of the boorish. Its Autumn/Winter 2011 collection will compromise of a comprehensive collection of jackets, sweatshirts and waistcoats along with fashion denims, shirts, t-shirts, trousers and accessories.Explaining the rational, behind opening stores in smaller towns and cities, Vijay Kapoor, MD Derby Clothing said, Small towns have more and more developed a higher level of acceptance, for fashion apparel curiously in the mens wear segment. We have been pleasantly surprise by the response we have received in the towns that we currently extend in. This gives us an opportunity to tap other small towns across the country as part of our expansion process.Revealing their marketing and promotional strategies, he informed, Marketing and promotional activities will be directly focused on the young person of the country. Being in a country that has the highest population of youngsters has turn out to be an advantage to a youth-centric brand like Derby Jeans Community. On ground activities, rock shows, college cultural functions, fashion shows etc. are part of the marketing strategy that we follow to reach out to the fashionable youth.Explaining the rationale behind Derby products being branded as fast fashion, he said, On an average most jeans wear brands in the country offer 20% fashion products and 80% basic or perfume products. Derby Jeans Community, on the contrary, offers 80% fashion apparel and only 20% basic or core products. This essentially makes Derby Jeans Community the only truly fashionable mens Jeans wear brand in the country.Position of the CompanyThe company recorded a turnover Rs 6 crore in 2000 from its four outlets in Chennai. As part of its ex pansion plan, the company is be after to take up premium multi-brand concept apart from enhancing its ne cardinalrk.After the inauguration of the new outlet of Derby Fashion Wear in the city today, the companys fifth outlet and first in the state, Vijay Kapoor, the managing director of Derby Clothing, said There is a room for value-plus brand and we are on the way to exploit the branded segment. Todays consumer is fully awake(predicate) of quality and our product range has been designed for the 22-35 age groups. We will open two more outlets in the city in the next two months. We are aiming at Rs 2 crore turnover in the first year of operation, he said.Giving details about the future plans, Kapoor said that the company would expand to Karnataka and Kerala next year and the national marketing would also be taken up in 2005. The company has two units at Tirupati and Bangalore with a ingrained capacity of 1,400 garments per day. The current requirement is at 1,500 garments per day and we are impact the extra demand by outsourcing, Kapoor said.The other name for style and sophistication, Derby Clothing is a premium casual and formal wear brand for men renowned for its trendsetting ready to wear collection. Paradise for the last and die hard shopaholics, it offers a wide spectrum of casuals and formal wears made from avant garde fabrics, available in a diverse range of styles and patterns. Largely catering to the citys ever so choosy fashion savvy junta, this Derby Clothing store is housed within the premises of Spencer Plaza in Anna Salai. This 10 years old store, besides its impressive and exclusive line up of clothing has an bosom catching array of funky accessories that include belts and ties which you bum club with your attire. You can indulge into its staggering collection of apparels and accessories on any day of the workweek from 945 AM to 9 PM. Derby Clothing also accepts all major credit cards.

Psychotherapy Matrix Essay

have three preliminaryes to summarize. Include examples of the lawsuits of psychological disorders suspend for each therapy. Insert type of therapy approachInsert type of therapy approachInsert type of therapy approach Summary of Approach The psychodynamic approach to therapy seeks to bring unresolved and past conflicts from the unconscious to the conscious, meaning childhood memories and past memories that ar buried deep in your memory or ones that you wanted to forget, are brought to the fore front to be discussed.Indivduals use repression to push threatening conflicts into the stupefaction. This approach explores brakes down the unconsciousness for the therapist and the patient. The conductal approach therapy build on the basic processes of scholarship such as reinforcement and extinction, and assume that normal and abnormal are both learned meaning that you will learn things to modify deportment using some sort of instruct which is classical or adverse.These types of co nditioning involve some sort of action that reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an unpleasant stimulus with the undesired behavior to larn or learn lessons. The cognitive approach to therapy teaches people to think in more adaptive ways by changing their dysfunctional cognitions more or less the world and themselves meaning the cognitive approach helps people understand the thoughts and feelings that make for behaviors.People learn how to change their thinking and behavior. Disorders appropriate for this therapyAnxiety disorders that are appropriate for this type of therapy such as obsessive-compulsion disorder, bi-polar disorder, and psychoneurotic disorders. Disorders that are appropriate for this type of therapy include anorexia, phobic disorders, ADHD, autism. Disorders that are appropriate for this type of therapy include phobic disorders, depression and anxiety disorders.

The Hunters: Phantom Chapter 5

Are you excited for Alaric to arrive tomorrow? compressed asked. Hes delivery his researcher friend Celia, function?Meredith kicked him in the chest.Oof matting staggered backward, knocked breathless despite the protective vest he had on. Meredith fol owed up with a roundhouse kick to sluggishnesss side, and he fel to his knees, barely managing to raise his hands and block a straight punch to his face.Ow he say. Meredith, term- bug out, okay?Meredith dropped into a graceful tiger stance, her back leg supporting her weight while her front alkali rested lightly on her toes. Her face was calm, her eye cool and watchful. She looked desex to pounce if Matt showed any sign of sudden movement.When hed arrived to spar with Meredith to succor her keep her hunter-slayer skil s in top-notch shape Matt had wondered why she had pass him a helmet, mouth guard, gloves, shin guards, and vest, while she wore only sleek minacious workout clothes.Now he knew. He hadnt take down come cont iguous to hitting her, while shed pummeled him mercilessly. Matt eased a hand up under the vest and rubbed rueful y at his side. He hoped he hadnt cracked a rib.Ready to go again? Meredith said, her eyebrows raised in chal enge.Please, no, Meredith, Matt said, raising his hands in surrender. Lets take a break. It feels corresponding youve been pun bring upg me for hours.Meredith walked over to the smal fridge in the corner of her familys rec room and tossed Matt a bottle of water, then sank down next to him on the mat. Sorry. I profess I got carried away. Ive never sparred with a friend before.Looking around as he took a long, cool drink, Matt shook his head. I dont crawl in how you managed to keep this place secret for so long. The basement room had been reborn into a perfect place to train throwing stars, knives, swords, and staves of unhomogeneous kinds were mounted on the wal s a punching bag hung in wiz corner, while a padded dummy leaned in another. The floor was lined w ith mats, and one wal was wholly mirrored. In the middle of the opposite wal hung the fighting stave a extra weapon for battling the supernatural that had been handed down through generations of Merediths family. It was deadly simply elegant-looking, the hilt covered with jewels, the ends spiked with silver, wood, and white ash, and the needles steeped in poison. Matt eyed it warily.Wel , said Meredith, looking away, the Suarez family has always been good at keeping secrets. She began to move through a tae kwon do form back stance, double fist block, odd over(p) front stance, reverse middle punch. She was graceful as a bring down black cat in her workout gear. After a moment, Matt capped his water bottle, climbed to his feet, and began to mirror her movements. Left double front kick, left inside block, double-handed punch. He knew he was half a beat bum and felt shambling and awkward next to her, besides frowned and concentrated. Hed always been a good athlete. He could do this, too.Besides, its not like I was bringing my prom dates down here, Meredith offered after a cycle, half smiling. It wasnt that hard to hide. She watched Matt in the mirror. No, block low with your left hand and high with your right hand, like this. She showed him again, and he shadowed her movements.Okay, yeah, he said, only half concentrating on his words now, focuse on the positions. But you could have told us. Were your best friends. He moved his left foot forward and mimicked Merediths backward elbow blow.At least, you could have told us after the whole thing with Klaus and Katherine, he amended. beforehand that, we would have design you were crazy.Meredith shrugged and dropped her hands, and Matt fol owed before he realized that the gestures werent intermit of the tae kwon do form.Now they stood side by side, staring at distributively other in the mirror. Merediths cool and elegant face looked pale and pinched. I was brought up to keep my heritage as a hunterslayer a deep, iniquity secret, she said. Tel ing anybody wasnt roughlything I could consider. Even Alaric doesnt dwell.Matt turned away from Merediths mirror mental image to gape at the real girl. Alaric and Meredith were practical y engaged. Matt had never been that serious with anyone the girl hed come closest to loving was Elena, and obviously that hadnt worked out but hed sort of figured that, if you committed your heart to some(prenominal)body, you told them everything.Isnt Alaric a telepathic researcher? Dont you gestate he would understand?Frowning, Meredith shrugged again. Probably, she said, sounding irritated and dismissive, but I dont want to be something for him to study or research, any more than than I want him to freak out. But since you and the others know, Il have to tel him.Hmm. Matt rubbed his perceive side again. Is that why youre pounding on me so aggressively? Because youre mad about tel ing him?Meredith met his eyeball. The lines of her face were stil tens e, but a mischievous glimmer shone in her eyes.Aggressive? she asked sweetly, fal ing back into the tiger stance. Matt felt an answering pull a face tug at the corners of his mouth. You havent seen anything yet.Elena surveyed the restaurant Judith had picked with a kind of bemused horror. Beeping painting game machines vied for attention with old-fashioned arcade games like Whac-AMole and Skee-Bal . Bouquets of brightly swarthy bal oons bobbed over every table, and a cacophony of song rose from various corners as singing waiters delivered pizza after pizza. What seemed like hundreds of children ran loose crosswise the floor, shrieking and laughing. Stefan had walked her to the restaurant, but, eyeing the neon paint job with alarm, hed declined to come in.Oh, I shouldnt stab on girls night, hed said vaguely, and then disappeared so quickly Elena suspected hed used vampiric speed.Traitor, shed muttered, before warily opening the bright pink door. After their time together in the g raveyard, she felt stronger and happier, but she would have liked some support here, too.Welcome to Happytown, chirped an unnatural y cheery hostess. Table for one, or are you meeting a party?Elena repressed a shudder. She couldnt speculate anyone choosing to come to a place like this by themselves. I think I see my group now, she said politely, catching sight of auntie Judith waving to her from a corner.This is your idea of a fun girls night out, auntie Judith?she asked when she r to each oneed the table. I was picturing something more like a cozy bistro. auntie Judith nodded toward the other side of the room. Peering over, Elena spotted Margaret, happily whacking away at toy moles with a mal et.Were always dragging Margaret to grown-up places and expecting her to behave, aunt Judith explained. I thought it was time she got a turn to do something she enjoyed. I hope bonnie and Meredith wont mind.She certainly looks like shes enjoying herself, Elena said, studying her teeny sis ter. Her memories of Margaret from the last year were of continue and anxiety During the fal Margaret had been upset by Elenas fighting with Judith and Robert and by the mysterious happenings in Fel s Church, and then, of course, devastated by Elenas death. Elena had watched her through the windows afterward and seen her sobbing. Shed suffered more than any five-yearold should, even if she didnt remember any of it now. Ill take care of you, Margaret, she promised fiercely and silently, watching the careful concentration on her sisters face as Margaret practiced a little old-fashioned carnival violence. You wont have to feel like that again in this mankind.Are we waiting for Bonnie and Meredith? auntie Judith prompted gently. Did you end up inviting them to get hitched with us?Oh, said Elena, jarred out of her reverie. She reached for a handful of popcorn from the hoop in the middle of the table. I couldnt get ahold of Meredith, but Bonnies coming. Shel love this.I absolutely, total y do love this, a voice concur from behind her. Elena turned to see Bonnies silky red curls.Especial y the expression on your face, Elena. Bonnies wide brown eyes were dancing with amusement. She and Elena overlap a look that was ful of al the were back, were back, they did what they said and Fells Church is the way it should be again that they couldnt say in front of auntie Judith, then fel into each others arms.Elena squeezed Bonnie tightly, and Bonnie buried her face in Elenas shoulder for a moment. Her petite body quivered slightly in Elenas arms, and Elena realized that she wasnt the only one walking a fine line between delight and devastation. Theyd gained so much(prenominal) but it had come at a very high price.Actual y, said Bonnie with careful cheer as she released Elena, I had my ninth birthday at a place very much like this. Remember the Hokey-Pokey Gril ? That was the place to be when we were in elementary school. Her eyes held a bright sheen that might be tea rs, but her chin stuck out determinedly. Bonnie, Elena thought with admiration, was going to have fun if it kil ed her.I remember that party, Elena said, matching Bonnies lightness. Your cake had a big picture of some boy band on it.I was mature for my age, Bonnie told aunt Judith merrily. I was boy crazy way before any of my friends were.Aunt Judith laughed and waved Margaret over toward their table. Wed better order before the stage show starts, she said.Elena, eyes wide, mouthed, Stage show? at Bonnie, who smirked and shrugged.Do you girls know what you want? Aunt Judith asked.Do they have anything besides pizza? Elena asked.Chicken fingers, answered Margaret, climbing into her chair. And vitriolic dogs.Elena grinned at her sisters tousled hair and expression of delight. What are you going to have, bunny rabbit? she asked.Pizza Margaret answered. Pizza, pizza, pizza.Il have pizza, too, then, Elena decided.Its the best thing here, Margaret confided. The hot dogs are weird-tastin g. She squirmed in her chair. Elena, are you coming to my dance recital? she asked.When is it? Elena asked.Margaret frowned. The day after tomorrow, she said.You know that.Elena glanced quickly at Bonnie, whose eyes were wide.I wouldnt miss it for the world, she told Margaret affectionately, and her sister nodded unwaveringly and stood up on her chair to reach the popcorn.Under cover of Aunt Judiths scolding and the semimelodious sound of their singing waiter approaching, Bonnie and Elena exchanged a smile.Dance recitals. Singing waiters. Pizza.It was good to live in this kind of world for a change.

Investment and Risk Tolerance Essay

Question 1 How do the c formerlypts of behavioral finance create opportunities for HelloWallet?The current fiscal advising sites such as HelloWallet as well as its competitors, such as Mint.com and Yodlee, proffer work push through and practical(prenominal) pecuniary advising assistance based purely on exploiter blaspheme transactions and using up category. The HelloWallet frame al unkepts the user to create and track customized budget plan. What is more important is that the governance john automatically provide financial advice and saving tips by using data mining techniques.However, HelloWallet and its competitors do non provide any financial analysis and evaluation based on user behavior and their psychographic characteristics, such as user in the flesh(predicate)ity, values, attitudes, interests and risk allowance account in wrong of willingness. These psychographic classifications atomic number 18 extremely relevant with regards to individual dodging and risk tolerance. Even with the similar bank transactions data and spending category, an investor background, past experience, privateity and attitudes groundwork make investment process grotesque for each individual. With the dish of behavior finance theory, HelloWallet jackpot digit system to fit psychographic profiles to specific behavioral investor profile. As a result, a break-dance understanding of user behavioral drawencies of spending and investment will help to provide better financial advice.An easy and quick way is to build online questionnaire to fit each individual into different behavioral investor types. on that point argon several models we can use, Barnewall Two-way model, Bailard, Biehl, and Kariser Five model and Pompian model. We use Pompian models as an example. The major reason for promoting Pompian is because it is less(prenominal) time-consuming and less complex. Therefore, it will be easy to be implemented on an online system and require less time spe nt on take uping out the survey (as we pointed out in challenge, it is non an easy task to ask online user to gormandise out survey with a lot of details).Pompian model identifies four behavioral investor types based on risk tolerance and active/ motionless home plate passive preserver, friendly follower, independent individualist and active accumulator. It is a overstep down apostrophize which is more efficient and simple by categorizing users into passive and active, then further break down into four types based on their risk tolerance. With these nurture, the user of HelloWallet will be reason based on their investment/spending behavior type. Based on these different types, the system can easily provide more tailored investment tips and products to users. For example, once a user behavior type is identified, the system can provide saving and investment tips accordingly.For example, when a user is identified to be a passive preserver whose risk tolerance is low and emotion al, the system provides low risk financial products (excluding richly risk ones), e.g., 2-year GICs. In addition, the system can try to persuade the soundness of these financial by focusing on elaborate the goal of these investment (what the terminate value will be and what type of investors these investments for). If investor specify a long term income need, the system can provide financial products on bond index fit their spending goal (contrary to the current systems which spam non-relevant financial products to all the users without differentiate their demand and risk).With the introduce of the behavior investor/user types into the systems, HelloWallet can extend their financial advising service from purely creating budget plan and providing saving tips to a more civilize investment approach that fits each individual unique needs and background. For example, HelloWallet is soon able to recommend a customer to apply for a visa with $500 cash points per year because excessive spending on market and large cash deposit 10,000 in the checking account. With the new behavior investor model, it can recommend the same individual to invest short term money markets products if his risk tolerance is low and require short term liquid state (with a list of the products from different dealer) or it can recommend user to buy equity income mutual fund if their risk tolerance is high and has no need for the cash for the near term.Another advantage and chance for the HelloWallet is that behavior finance is a relatively new concept and traditional financial advisor feel uncomfortable to ask customer these mental questions face to face. It is much easier for the user to interact with a computer to fill out the questionnaire. This will help to collect more accurate nurture to build solid virtual financial advisor- lymph node relations which also advance the HelloWallet strain in the long term as clients are tend to stick to the same advisor(in our case a virtual fin ancial advisor HelloWallet) if she/he understands clients needs better.Question 2 How do the concepts of behavioral finance create challenges for HelloWallet?HelloWallets system creates customized budget plans for the users based on traditional finance and on trend analysis. This poses a challenge to HelloWallet because they do not incorporate the behavioral aspects of their clients. This will lead to creating recommendations that are not slipable to all their clients. Many models construct been developed over the old age to incorporate behavioral finance traits in the clients portfolios. There are four different models that attempt to explain the behavior of individuals and their implications on portfolio construction The Consumption and Savings Model, the behavioral Asset Pricing Model, the Behavioral Portfolio Theory and finally the Adaptive Markets Hypothesis.Empirical studies show that some investors show up mental accounting where they separate their investments in diffe rent accounts in their heads and delineate them to different expenses, forgetting to look at them as one portfolio. In this congresswoman this will cause a part of HelloWallets target market to refrain from using their software due to this behavioral trait. Clients that have atone aversion and have been buzz offing from mental accounting will be too scared to adopt HelloWallets service out of consternation of realizing that they are in financial distress. Those clients do not have a serious desire and readiness to engage in an assessment of their personal financial health therefore it will limit HelloWallets brainwave of this market. This intertwines with cognitive dissonance, where people avoid facing financial reality. Statistics show that a vast majority of people suffers from that. People feel discomfort from receiving information that contradicts beliefs that are entrenched in their personalities. Therefore, not wanting to face the desire that things may not be ok is a h uge bar for the adoption of HelloWallet by customers.Naturally humans are prone to opposite to mixed bag. They are programmed to stay in their comfort zone and stick to what they are familiar with. Having to take advice from a computer might not be something easily accepted. Moreover, regard to HelloWallet model, clients should incorporate all of their accounts including their assets and liabilities and update them if needed. This process could be a barrier for people suffering for status quo stroke. In fact, this bias is an emotional bias in which people tend to do vigor instead of making change. This will affect Hellowallet in two ways. first of all it will prevent people from registering, as they will prefer gummy with their old traditional way of managing their finance. Secondly, it will reduce the efficiency of the confederacy model, as people will update their data less often making inaccurate any outcome from model of HelloWallet.The way HelloWallet collects clients information is via its software online. Users input their answers to HelloWallets questionnaire after which they will be categorized and given a budget plan. However individual circumstances change over time, and sometimes change abruptly. As the client moves across his life story stages his information should be updated and changed accordingly, but this is not the case. Therefore HelloWallet might suffer from information processing bias cognize as Anchoring & adaption Bias. This will lead to the clients results being anchored to assumptions and information that does not hold square anymore.In fact, the Adaptive Market Hypothesis states that adapting is actually necessary for natural selection thus, changes need to be applied to the software occasionally to improve chances of merging clients goals. Anchoring and adjustment bias will make it more difficult for clients to adapt. If the users have a bad experience due to this bias, HelloWallet will start losing business to its competitors. Similarly the lack of personal interaction with customers will result in uncomfortable clients that will not understand the effects of short-term wishing in relation to the overall long-term savings outcome.The lack of personal interaction will also destroy value. The company will not be able to build and maintain a consistent approach with its clients, if they are dealing with a computer. If there is no relationship building, the client will move to the competitor or just do his budget by himself after the first negative experience. It might not be sustainable, and might prove hard to retain customer value using this approach.In addition to that, research showed that people tend to behave impatiently today but plan to act patiently in the future. This is known as self-control bias. The all point of financial planning is to be able to help client to better allocate their financial resources to play their short-term liabilities and goals while saving for future or long terms needs. The efficiency of HelloWallet advice on personal financial planning depends on how antiphonal client will be to their advice. In this case, this bias could be an issue, as clients will tend to choose what they prefer (short term satisfaction) instead of what suit best to their financial situation and neglect the long term.

Battle of the Beers Essay

IntroductionThis good example is about the intense battle between beer rivals in the United States, particularly between Anhe theatrical roler-Busch (A-B), the worlds largest brewer, and SAB miller, the worlds second largest brewer. It discusses about how the companies used advertising in their deformity stead in piece to compete with distributively other and increase the sales.This case starts by describing the strategies used by the both company when the battle began since the sulfur African Breweries (SAB) acquired milling machine Brewing Company in 2002. The 2 leadership beer brewing companies uses contrastive strategies to fight with each other in order to communicate how its beer differ from competition to draw in more than consumers. First, moth miller emphasized on the light beer, taking advantage of the health witting trend where consumers were looking for low-carb beer by using comparative advertising driving force claiming that the Miller lite has half the car bs than Bud elucidate.This prompted counteroffensives from A-B that mock Miller Lites low-carbs claims and challenge beer drinkers to choose on pack. To counter that, Miller wherefore attack back by evince also on the examine of the light beer. Things become worse when Miller also launched a clean offensive campaign which lampo wholenessd Budweiser for its self-proclaimed title as King of Beers and Budweiser lashed back by labelled Miller Lite as Queen of Carbs. Miller filed a lawsuit against Budweiser asserting the false and misleading claims by Budweiser to Miller Light which impart definitely affect the image of SABMiller.Then, Miller used silver screen orientation tests and shifted to emphasizing taste and flavour instead of stuck with a carb positioning. In 2004, the companies used comparative advertising, where Miller launched new advertising campaign contend Budweiser, and A-B also launched direct counterattack, and this made the battle become even more intense tha t others atomic number 18 being pulled into the fray. Television ne cardinalrks were refusing commercials on both sides because their unduly disparaging or appear to contain taste claims that are unsubstantiated and misleading.While Miller continue to press on the taste issue, A-B introduced a new product promoting as having no lingering aftertaste and also emphasizing the freshness of its beer. The battle between the 2 companies goes back and forth.Questions1. What attri only ifes are intimately measur sufficient in find beer purchasing decisions? How does this vary by food marketplace segments?There are many important attributes that need to be considered in determining beer purchasing decisions. As described in the case, these includes taste, olfactory modality, and appearance.(i) Taste/ tone of voice/AromaTaste is the most important attribute in determining beer purchasing decisions as consumers buy beer for the taste. As evident in the case, Miller spent huge amount s on advertising the taste advantage they hold over Budweiser. They held blind taste tests where consumers were seen to choose Miller over Budweiser in the tests. Their success in providing good taste led to Miller written text a 2.6 % increase in sales volume in 2003 as consumers felt that Miller beers were better in taste. Aroma is extremely important to beers overall taste and it desexualises the purchase decision of a beer. The market segments that emphasize on aroma in their beer purchasing decision are mostly experienced beer drinkers. The repeat beer purchase will takes place when the taste of the beer suit the customers.Health-conscious consumers who are looking to reduce their carbohydrate intake index opt for beer which are less sugar. Consumers who give more preference to the aroma of beer business leader look for strong aroma beer or beer which suit his or her taste. Some market segments big businessman prefer beer with no lingering aftertaste.(ii) expressionThe pr ocess of purchasing a beer begins with its visual appearance. Many people deem hasty judgments of taste (food or beverage) based entirely on order of battle alone. In terms of beer appearance, what consumers looking for are semblance, clarity, and head retention. Although one food colour is not necessarily better than the others, and none indicates directly how the beer will taste, but many beer drinkers will just have their own preference and wisdom of beer colour. Also, if a beer cant form a head, either its improperly carbonated or the vessel into which its poured is dirty.Many beer drinkers will most probably emphasize on the appearance of the beer and are haunt with beer clarity if the beer is not crystal clear, they would not drink it. Some markets segments susceptibility prefer darker beers like stouts whereas others might prefer lighter beers such as wheat beers.(iii) PriceMany people judge or envision a product quality based on the price. This is also square for bee r purchases, and is especially true for those non-experienced beer drinkers. Higher price could have one of two effects on consumer preference it could cause the product to seem high in quality, or it could make the product less desirable because of the peculiar(a) expense. Although most of the time price may reflect the quality of the beer ( high quality, higher price, and vice versa), but this is not all the time.For those who are emphasize on the quality of the beer, they might probably prefer to buy the higher-priced beer. Higher-income beer drinkers also might choose the higher-priced beer which they perceived that the beer has higher quality. For those market segments who just drink beers for fun for example peers gathering, they might just buy the cheaper beers.(iv) soft touch name dirt is the most important non-sensory factors affecting consumers choice decisions of products. It seen as a promise, a guarantee or contract with the manufacturer and a symbolic have in mind and sign of quality. Beer drinkers will choose their beers based on their own beer marker preferences too. Researchers had found that ultrapremium beer was rated higher than inexpensive beer when brand names were unknown, hence shows that brand name do affect beer purchasing decision.In the market segments which pull in a higher-income might prefer branded (usually higher-priced) beers. Younger generation might also choose those cheaper but well-known brand due to the pic of the advertisements and they tend to follow the trend.2. How would you construct a valid taste to determine beer purchasers preferences?The methods used to construct a valid taste to determine beer buyer preferences based on diametrical attributes would be as follows base on taste/flavour/aromaConduct blind-taste tests by providing the participants the cups of different beers to be tested which labelled A through E. Participants will be asked to taste each of the beers, and then spit out the beer into a n empty glass. Between each beer taste, participants will rinse out their mouths with water to avoid cross-contamination among trials. After gustation all the beers, participants will rank order the five beers on the foundation garment of the quality of their taste.Based on appearanceConduct tests by providing the participants different beers with differences colour and level of clarity. For example by providing the participants different cups of beers with different colour and clarity labelled with A, B, C, D, and so forth without the acknowledge the participants what type or brand of the beers are. Differences in preferences across the samples will demonstrate whether consumers prefer one colour (eg. darker colour) than the others. The preference of beer based on the label colour, design, logo, or the mold of the packaging can be tested as well.Based on priceConduct tests by providing the participants different selections of beer with different prices to assess whether cons umers use price to disambiguate taste. For example, the beers selected varied in price, from $7.99 per six-pack to $2.69 per six-pack. The prices per six-pack were as follows Brand A $7.99 Brand B $5.99 Brand C $3.99 Brand D $3.49 and Brand E $2.69. Participants will rank the different beers match to their own preferences and on the basis of their prior knowledge about these beers.Based on brand nameConduct tests by providing the participants different selections of beer with different brand names. For example, different beer brands such as Anchor Steam, Samuel Adams, Budweiser, Miller authorized Draft, and Schlitz will be provided to participants. Participants will be asked to rank the different beers tally to their own preferences and on the basis of their prior knowledge about these beers. purposeConsumers attitudes, beliefs, and feelings play important role in deciding if they are spill to purchase the Anheuser-Busch or SABMiller beer brand such as Budweiser or Miller respec tively. The beer marketers need to be able to identify the target markets shopping, purchase, spending, and consumption patterns in order to predict what consumers want from such product. Consumer intention acts as a helpful indicator to the types of marketing activities to carry so that they are able to attract the right market segment, thus leading to high profits. In conclusion, understanding consumer behaviour is significant because marketers want to attract the right consumers to purchase their brand.